104 



INDO-MALAYAN SPECIES 



depressed vertically and flattened laterally, more or less angled, from I in. to 125 in. 

 long; the involucre thick-wall ed, brittle, bearing externally 3 or 4 irregular, transverse, 

 faintly tuberculate, wavy zones; when young depressed-globose. 3 or 4-angled, narrowed 

 to a short, thick peduncle; the zones interrupted and marked by double rows of bold 

 hard short tubercles; dehiscing irregularly or not at all. Ripe nuts single and ovoid, 

 or two or three and ovoid -complanate, adpressed-pubescent or glabrous, the rugose hilum 

 occupying one-third of the whole — Hook. fit. Fl. Br. Ind. v. 623. — Callceocarpus Sumatrana, 

 Miq. PI. Jungh. 13.; Fl. Ind. Bat. i. 868 (excl. syn.); Suppl. 353; Ann. Mus. Lugd. 



Bat. i. 118. — Castanea inermis. Lindl. in Wall. PI. As. Rar. ii. 6; Wall. Cat. 2762 



DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 116 ; Kurz For. Flor. Burm. ii. 481 — 0. mitifica, Hance in Journ. 

 Bot. for 1878, 200. — Castanea glomerata, Blume Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 233. — Quercus 

 glomerata, AVall. (not of Roxb.) Cat. 2791. 



Sumatra, Java, Lin g&— various collectors; Borneo, — Beccari (P B. 2756, 2973); Singa- 

 pore,— Wallich; Malacca,— Griffith (4442, 4470); Burmah,— Griffith (4471), Maingay (1457); 

 Perak and Penang, — King's Collector, Scortechmi. 



A large tree, widely distributed in the Malayan region, and readily distinguished 



its involucres. Good specimens of it are, however, by no means common in collec- 

 tions, and hence the rather extensive synonymy. The first published name for the 

 plant (1831) was that of Lindley, viz. Castanea inermis (Wallich's Plantce Asiaticce Bariores). 

 This name was founded on specimens which Wallich had previously distributed under 

 this name as No. 2762 of his Catalogue. Wallich, however, also distributed this 

 species under the number 2791 and the name Quercus glomerata, Roxb. But the 

 specimens so named by Wallich were not Roxburgh's Q. glomerata, a plant which must 



a 



be a true Quercus, as is evident from Roxburgh's description of its "acorns" as "ovate, 

 smooth, half hid in the tubercled cup." Blume, accepting Wallich's No. 2791 as really 

 Roxburgh's plant, re-named it Castanea glomerata. On specimens of this plant collected 

 in Sumatra, Miquel founded his genus Callceocarpus and his species C. Sumatrana (PI. 

 Jungh. 13). The same author was the first to point out (Fl. Ind. Bat I.e.) the identity 

 of his own C. Sumatrana with Wallich's Q. glomerata. M. De Candolle reduced Callceocar- 

 pus to a section of Castanopsis, and in this he has been followed by Messrs. Bentham 

 and Hooker. The late Dr. Hance, while admitting that he had never seen good 

 specimens of C. Sumatrana, described (Journ. Bot. I.e.), under the name of C. mitifica 

 species which he remarked must be near C. Sumatrana. I have examined Dr. Hance's 

 type specimen of C. mitifica in the British Museum, and I cannot see how it is to be 

 separated from C. Sumatrana. 



M. De Candolle describes the involucres of C. Sumatrana as containing three nuts, 

 but his description indicates that only one of them usually attains full size. As a matter 

 of fact two of the nuts are sometimes developed, and between them there is wedged a 

 small, flattened, aborted third nut. In other involucres only a single nut attains maturity. 



Plate 97.— C. Sumatrana, A. DC. 1, branch with young spikes; 2, spike with 

 expanded male flowers; 3, spike of ripe fruit; 4, involucre containing two nuts 

 from the side) ; 5, involucre containing one nut,— of natural size. 



o 



16. Castanopsis Hullettii, King in Hook, fil. Fl. Br. Ind. v. 623 

 Young shoots thick, minutely scurfy-tomentose, lenticellate. Leaves 



coriaceous 



oblong-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic, acute or sub-acute, entire; the base 

 acute or sub-acute, sometimes rounded and slightly unequal-sided ; upper surface glabrous, 



