70 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA, 
CALAMUS uns. 
SYNOPSIS OF THB SPECIES." 
7. C. erectus Linn.—Stem erect, robust, with a crown of large leaves. Ocrea very 
large, divided into two very large hispid auricles. Leaves 3-5 m. long. Leaflets very 
numerous, equidistant, large, elongate-ensiform, green on both surfaces, their mid-costa 
sparingly bristly and the secondary nerves naked on both surfaces.  Leaf-rachis armed 
beneath with long straight spines which are whorled in its lower part and especially 
on the petiole. Spadiz not or very shortly flagelliferous at its apex. Primary 
spathes loosely sheathing, speedily lacerated and  marcescent. Fruit large, ellipsoid, 
3-4 em. long, Seed oblong or ovoid, circular in transverse section; embryo basilar, 
slightly eccentric. 
N. Burma, 
C. erectus var. schizospathus Becc.— Leaflets with a secondary nerve'on each side 
of the mid-costa, sparingly bristly beneath and sometimes also above. Male flower 
with the calyx half (not almost entirely) projecting from the, involueres. 
Sikkim. | 
C. erectus var. birmanicus Becc.—Female spadix shortly cirriferous. Fruit smaller. 
Burma: Karen Mts. 
2. Q, Flagellum Griff.—Scandent and robust. Leaf-sheaths armed with very 
unequal never seriate spines. Ocrea marcescent, Leaf-sheath flagella up to 6-7 m. 
long. Leaves very large. Leaflets numerous, equidistant, green on both surfaces, 
broadly ensiform, strongly unicostate ; the mid-costa with a few sub-spiny bristles, the 
secondary nerves naked on both surfaces. Leaf-rachis clawed on the back,  Spadiz 
very elongate, flagelliform. Primary spathes tubular, closely sheathing, lacerated and 
fibrous at the apex. Fruit about 3 cm. long, broadly ovoid. Seed ovoid, circular in 
transverse section; embryo basilar. 
N, E. India. 
C. Flagellum var. karinensis Becc.—Lraf-sheaths armed with very unequal spines, 
of which some are large and others small and seriate, 
Burma: Karen Mts. 
3. C. arborescens Griff.—Czspitose. Stem erect, robust, 4-6 m. high, with a 
crown of large leaves. Leaf-sheaths, petiole and leaf-rachis armed with large laminar, 
almost black, shining, seriate spines. Leaflets numerous, equidistant, large, broadly ensi- 
form, green above, white underneath. Male spadix elongate, pendulous. Primary spathes 
tubular, rather closely sheathing, lacerated and fibrous in their upper part, armed—as are 
the other parts of the plant—only with straight black spieule and never with hooked 
spines or claws. Secondary spathes clavate-subinflated and usually lacerated and 
blackened. Spikelets very large, with very regularly set, flatly bifarious flowers, 
Burma: Pegu. 
* From these diagnoses the characters which serve to distinguish the groups are usually omitted. 
