BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 87 
67. C. Helferianus Kurz.—Seemingly scandent and slender, ^ Leaf-rachis acutely 
bifaced on its upper surface, slightly clawed beneath.. Leaflets rather numerous, very 
distinctly grouped 2-5 on each side, equidistant and disposed on one plane in each 
group (not pointing different ways), with long vacant spaces interposed; the intermediate 
ones linear-lanceolate, 20-30 cm. long, 13-15. mm. broad, sub-5-costulate, the 3 
central costz spinulose above and smooth beneath, Male and female spadices very 
long and slender; primary spathes very narrow and long and very closely sheathing; 
flowers (d and ¢) horizontally inserted; male flowers 1:5-2 mm. apart, oblong, 
4 mm. long; female flowers broadly conic, 4 mm. long, 5-7 mm. apart. 
Tenasserim 
68. C. nicobaricus Becc.—Scandent, Sheathed stem 7-14 mm. in diam. 
Leaf-sheaths armed with numerous very unequal rather broadly laminar sometimes 
very long elastic light-coloured spines. Leaves 60-90 cm. long; petiole rather 
short. Leaflets numerous, equidistant, linear, subulately acuminate, unicostate; the 
mid-costa bristly spinulous on both surfaces, side-nerves very slender, smooth, the 
intermediate leaflets 18-25 cm, long, 10-12 mm. broad. 
Nicobars. | R 
69. C. myriacanthus Becc.—Not scandent (?) Shsathed stem about 4 cm, in 
diam. ZLeaf-sheaths not gibbous above, open on the ventral side, gradually passing into 
the petiole, entirely covered with very numerous almost equally distributed small 
short acieular horizontal spines. Leaves 2'5 m. long, the petiole very long. Leaflets 
subopposite at first, alternate and speedily decreasing in size towards the apex, 
oblanceolate, somewhat concavo-convex, broadest above the middle, green on the upper 
surface, conspicuously paler beneath with 7-8 main-nerves which are glabrous on both 
surfaces, the largest leaflets 40 cm. long, 7-7°5 cm. broad; the two of the terminal pair 
free at the base. Female spadix simply decompound, flagelliform with an excessively 
long peduncular part; partial inflorescences up to 80 cm. long with numerous spikelets 
on each side; spikelets slender, as much as 15 cm. long with 28-90 flowers on each 
side; spathels bracteiform very approximate ; involucrophorum  scale-like; involucre 
attached almost outside its own spathel at the base of the one above, explanate and 
formed by two triangular strongly veined bracts. 
Borneo. 
70. C. pygmaeus Pecc.—Almost stemless, very delicate. Leaf-sheaths not flagelli- 
ferous, prickly, opened upwards on the ventral side and gradually passing into the 
petiole. Leaves 45-50 cm. long, including a rather long subterete petiole. Leaflets 
numerous, very closely equidistant, linear-lanceolate, very small, 10-12 mm. long, 6-8 
mm. broad, the two terminal quite free. Male and female spadices excessively long and 
slender, with very few partial inflorescences; primary spathes very narrow and closely 
sheathing; female spikelets filiform, zig-zag sinuous, 15-3 cm, long. Fruiting perianth 
not pedicelliform, but the calyx callous at the base. Fruit very small, broadly ovate 
and conically beaked. Scaks in 12 series, 
Borneo: Sarawak. 
71. C. barbatus Zipp.—Scandent, Sheathed stem as thick as a finger. Leaf- 
sheaths gradually passing into the petiole, furnished with rigid bristles at the margins 
