BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS, 108 
with 30-35 flowers on each side. Fruiting perianth distinctly pedicelliform. Fruit 
small, broadly ovoid, or sub-obovoid, 13-14 mm, long, 8 mm. broad, shortly beaked, 
Scales in 15 series, channelled. Seed coarsely pitted. 
The Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo. 
183. ©. densiflorus Becce,—Scandent. Sheathed stem 3-4 cm. in diam. Leaf. 
sheaths almost woody, strongly armed with short, flat, broad-based spines. Leaves not 
cirriferous, large, 2-2°6 m. long ; petiole almost obsolete. Leaflets numerous, closely equi- 
distant, linear-ensiform, up to 34 cm. long, 14-16 mm. broad, distinctly 3-costulate ; 
margins remotely spinulous. Male and Female spadices elongate, prolonged into a very 
long clawed flagellum ; secondary spathes smooth. Female partial inflorescences rather 
short and dense; spikelets with a distinct axillary callus, arched, thick, 7-9 cm. 
long with 10-16 very approximate flowers on each side; spathels very closely packed, 
Fruiting  perianth shortly ^ pedicelliform. Fruit closely packed, not regularly 
bifarious, obovate, stoutly beaked, 15-17 mm. long, 1 cm, in diam. Scales m 18 
series, slightly channelled. Seed ovoid-elliptic, deeply pitted ; albumen deeply rumi- 
nate; embryo almost in the centre, on the face opposite the chalazal fovea. 
The Malayan Peninsula, Singapore. 
134. C. Ridleyanus Becc,—Scandent and of moderate size. Leaves large, 
sub-cirriferous, terminating in a finely and densely clawed rachis with very diminutive 
leaflets; petiole short. Leaflets numerous, equidistant, ensiform, up to 45 cm, long, 
2:5 em. broad, shining, 3-costulate, the coste smooth above and bristly beneath; 
margins smooth. Female spadix very long and flagelliform with few remote partial 
inflorescences; these robust and rigid, straight, 75-90 cm. long, with 9-12 spike- 
lets on each side and terminating in a narrow tail-like aculeolate appendix; primary 
and secondary spathes densely and minutely prickly; spikelets thick, vermicular, 
strongly arched, inserted inside the mouth of their own spathes, 7-11 cm. long, 
with numerous, very closely packed, distinctly 4-farious flowers, as the neuter 
flowers are very similar and as large as the fertile ones; spathels very broadly 
infundibuliform, partially enclosed one inside the other. Female flowers ovoid, 
4 mm. long. | 
Singapore. 
135. G. zeylanicus Becc.—Scandent and robust. Leaves very large, Leaflets 
numerous, equidistant, narrowly elongate-lanceolate, 25-35 cm. long, 2 cm. broad, 
with 3 slender, very sparingly bristly coste in the upper surface and with several 
slender hairy nerves beneath. Male spadix very large, with several panicled-pyra- 
midate, large, partial inflorescences; spikelets small, broad, flattened, 15-20 mm. long 
with 12-15 very closely set, flatly bifarious flowers on each side. Female spadix very 
different from the male one; partial inflorescences large, 40-60 cm. long, or more, 
diffuse, with many robust, 10-16 cm. long, spikelets. Female flowers about 6 mm. 
long. Fruiting perianth explanate, subtended by the  subpedicelliform | involucro- 
phorum. Fruit spheric, about 18 mm. in diam., conically beaked. Scales deeply 
channelled, very convex. Seed globular, finely tubercled and pitted; albumen deeply 
ruminate, embryo sub-basal. d 
Ceylon. 
