Q; Flagellum] BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 129 
The fruit represented in fig. III of plate CLXXXVI A in the work of Griffith 
with the name of C. Jenkinsianus is that of C. Flagellum, as may be proved by the 
fig. IX, plate 176, of Martius Hist. Nat. Palm. where the same fruit bears its 
true name. 
C. Flagellum is very closely allied to C. erectus by the structure of the flowers 
and seeds, but it is easily distinguished by the scandent stem, the flagelliferous 
leaf-sheaths and very elongate flagelliferous spadices (which are strongly armed in 
the unsheathed axial portions with half-whorls of stout claws) and the partial 
very remote inflorescences. . Furthermore, the leaf-rachis is not armed on the back with 
straight long spines, but is clawed throughout to the extreme apex, The seed is 
| very similar to that of C. erecius in size, shape and rumination. ©. Flagellum may 
be considered to be C. erectus transformed into a climbing plant. 
A very large specimen from a plant cultivated in the Botanic Garden at 
Buitenzorg has the sheathed stem 5 cm. in diam.; the petioles 2 cm. thick; 
the leaf-sheaths, petiole, rachis and spadix covered with a grey fuscescent fugacious 
scurf. An entire leaf is 2 m. long, the largest leaflets measure 60 cm. by 4 em, 
The male spadix is simply decompound or in large specimens furnished with some 
additional spikelets in the lower partial inflorescences. One spadix I measured 
was 35 m. in length and terminated by a very formidably armed flagellum 
which was as long; partial inflorescences very few (only 2-3), 40-70 cm. apart 
with few (3-6) spikelets on each side and ending in a Sspikelet longer than the side 
ones, which are 10-20 cm. long. Of the female plant I have received from Lieut.-Col, 
Prain an entire upper portion collected in Sikkim and bearing very unripe fruits, 
which are 3 cm. long, narrowing into a conical beak with small connivent stigmas, 
PLATE 4.—Calamus Flagellum Grif. Portion of the upper part of a leaf seen 
from the lower surface, and terminal part of a male spadix from the already- 
mentioned plant cultivated at Buitenzorg. | 
Prate 5.—Calamus Flagellum Grif. Basal portion of a leaf from the cultivated 
male plant mentioned above; basal portion of a female spadix in flower with an 
entire partial inflorescence from Assam (Herb. de Cand.); spikelet with immature 
fruit from Sikkim (Herb. Becc.). 
CALAMUS FLAGELLUM Griff. var. KARINENsIS Becc. 
Drscription.—Large and scandent. Sheathed stem 5 cm. in diam. Leaf-sheaths 
flagelliferous, slightly puckered above, densely armed with dark, very acuminate, laminar 
spines which are light at the base, darkening towards the apex, 4-6 cm. long, 
usually deflexed, solitary or confluent and forming interrupted series, and intermingled 
with innumerable criniform prickles disposed in crowded transversely irregular series, 
Ocrea in full-grown leaves inconspicuous, Leaves large, not cirriferous (only one seen 
and perhaps not of the upper part of an adult plant), about 2:5 m. long; petiole very 
stout, 2-3 cm, thick, rather short (20-25 cm. long), broadly chanelled above, 
rounded beneath, where, as in the first portion of the rachis, it is regularly armed at 
the sides and along the middle with straight laminar spines; in the middle portion the 
rachis is hattish or slightly concave above, with the side-angles acute and spinulose and 
with broad side-faces, where are inserted the leaflets; upwards towards the apex the 
Ann. Roy. Bor. Garp. CarncurrA Vor. XI. 
