132 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. [ €. arborescens 
truncate, flat, two-keeled, emarginate and bidentate on the side next to the axis. 
Male flowers inserted at an angle of 45°, elongate, large, 10 mm. long and 2:5-3 mm. 
thick, often slightly outwardly curved; calyx ovate, divided down to about the middle 
into 3 semi-ovate acute lobes, not striate; corolla two and a half to three times as 
long as the calyx, divided into 3 broadly linear, or narrowly lanceolate acute 
segments, entire where it is enclosed in the calyx; stamens united to the corolla in its 
undivided basal portion; filaments linear, subulate, inflected at the apex in the bud ; 
anthers broadly linear attached by the middle, versatile, their cells parallel, shortly 
discrete at the base; rudimentary pistil long, consisting of three angular, elongated, acute 
bodies united to the middle. Female spadix with partial inflorescences 40 cm. 
long (at least the one seen, which perhaps is not entire), with 5 spikelets on each 
side; secondary spathes as in the male spadix, unarmed, tubular, enlarged and 
somewhat inflated above, withered and lacerated upwards and transversely zoned ; 
spikelets flexuose, spreading or recurved, 15-18. cm. long with 18-20 distichous 
flowers on each side; spathels infundibuliform, truncate, produced on one side into 
a short ultimately decayed point; involucrophorum obliquely cupular, nearly entirely 
‘included in its own spathel at the base of the one above, flat, 2-keeled and 
2.toothed on the side next to the axis; involucre hardly longer than the involucro- 
phorum, cupular, truncate, entire or superficially 3-toothed; areola of the neuter flower 
depressed-lunate, sharply defined. Female flowers about 7 mm. long, Fruiting perianth 
explanate, the calyx split into 3 broadly ovate acute parts, not or hardly callous at 
the base; the corolla with the segments narrower but a little longer than the lobes 
of the calyx; the stamens with filaments united as usual by their bases, triangular 
in the free portion and a little shorter than the calyx. Fruit 20-22 mm. long, 14-15 
mm. broad, obovoid oblong, suddenly and stoutly beaked; scales in 12 longitudinal 
series, rather broader than long, deeply channelled along the middle, dirty yellowish 
or reddish-brown, with a very narrow, darker intramarginal line and finely ciliately 
fringed margins, especially near the rather obtuse tip. Seed, when freed from the 
integument, 12 mm. long, 6 mm. thick, with a very uneven, almost facetted surface 
on the raphal side and with a deep central chalazal fovea; albumen bony, equable; 
embryo exactly basilar. 
Hasirat.—Burma: in marshy places in Pegu. At Bassein, Myaungmya Division 
at Kyetsha, Walkema Subdivision and at Rangoon (J. H. Burkill), Kurz writes that 
it is “frequent in marshy beds of choungs, in the moister and evergreen tropical 
forests of Pegu, on the sandstone,” and that it is called ** Thanoung” by the Burmans. 
Gamble (J. c.) gives the Burmese names of “ Danoung" and ‘‘Kyenbankyen” and 
Burkill those of ‘‘ Damon” and “ Danoung Thain.” 
OssERvATIONS.— Griffith who had described this species diffusedly from male plants 
cultivated in the Botanic Garden at Calcutta, says that it is “a very elegant palm, in 
. Some cases stoloniferous, forming at the base, apparently from offsets, very thick leafy 
tufts, from which arise elegant stems fifteen or twenty feet high, two and a half inches 
in diameter” and that it is ‘a very handsome and well-marked species distinguished 
by its erect stems, dark brown almost black spines and the leaves which are white 
underneath,” and I may add by the want of claws or short hooked Spines on the 
