“N dongnaiensis | | BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 133 
spadix and on the leaf-rachis, where only black straight flat or needle-like Spines are 
to be found. Very few Calami have the leaflets so decidely white underneath as this. 
A very large and complete specimen from a plant cultivated at Buitenzorg and 
sent to me by Dr. Treub has a leaf 5 m. long, including the petiole, which is 
L5 m. in length and is as thick as a man’s wrist; the largest leaflets are more - 
than 1 m. long; the male spadix measures 5 m. and terminates in a rather long 
tail-like, aculeate (not clawed) appendix. The partial inflorescences are very large and 
the lower ones decompound. 
PLATE 7.—Calamus arborescens Grif. Portion of a leaf and apex of a male partial 
inflorescence. From the above mentioned plant cultivated at Buitenzorg. 
4, CALAMUS DONGNAIENSIS Pierre Mss. ex Becc. in Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. li, 198, 
Description.—Tufted and nearly stemless, 1-3 m. high (Pierre) Leaves very large, 
not cirriferous; petiole (the one seen, probably from a radical leaf) nearly terete or 
very obscurely trigonous, sparsely armed with straight, rather short and slightly deflexed 
spines, which are seated on a broad base; rachis (of the upper portion of the leaf) 
trigonous, bifaced above, flattish beneath, where marked with deep impressions left by 
the pressure of the spines during prefoliation, and where it is rather densely armed 
with long (4-5 em.), , flat, elastic, black-tipped spines, which are paler and yellowish 
at the base; leaflets inequidistant, ensiform, very gradually acuminate, green and sub- 
shining on both surfaces with their mid-rib furnished above near the apex with few 
distant spinules and beneath, especially from the middle upwards, with some stiff spadi- 
ceous bristles (10-15 mm, long); secondary nerves slender, only one on each side of 
the mid-rib furnished with a few spinules on the upper surface and occasionally 
also on the lower one; transverse veinlets very many, rather distinct and interrupted ; 
the largest leaflets seen are 50-60 cm. long, 2:5-3 em. broad; the upper shorter; the 
two of the terminal pair the smallest and united at the base. Male spadiz simply 
decompound, very long, the one seen 2:5 m. long, thinly covered with a very easily 
removable dark scurf and prolonged into a long, caudate, sterile, sheathed not clawed 
appendix, but armed with needle-like, black, straight and slender spines or totally unarmed ; 
the peduncular portion of the spadix is rather long, flattened and unarmed 
throughout ; lowest primary spathe elongate, flattened and two-edged, unarmed; the 
upper spathes tubular, cylindraceous at the base, enlarged above into a somewhat 
inflated, lanceolate, much lacerated or longitudinally split and withered limb, which is 
of a greenish-straw colour and is covered with, a thin, deciduous, brown scurf and is 
more or less distinctly marked with few transverse zones or slightly raised ridges; 
the attenuated and lower portion of the spathes is armed with straight, flat, subulate, 
unequal spines, of which some are 2 cm. long and arise solitary or fascicled from a 
pale tubercle; partial inflorescences 5-6, the lowest, the largest, about 40 cm. 
long, with few (4) remote spikelets on each side; secondary spathes elongate-infundi- . 
buliform with an inflated sub-auricled limb, which is speedily withered and lacerated, 
zoned as in the primary ones; spikelets not  pedicellate, inserted near the 
mouth of their respective spathes, large, 10-15 cm. long, with up to 20 flowers on each 
side, flexuose, flattened, scaly-furfuraceous; spathels short, broadly and asymmetri- 
cally infundibuliform, truncate, entire, not ciliate at the margin, extended on one 
