134 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. (ÇC. /ongisetus 
side into a very short point; involucre half-exserted from its own spathel and laterally 
attached to the base of the one above, two-keeled and deeply emarginate on the 
side next to the axis, otherwise entire and obliquely truncate. Male flowers 
perfectly bifarious, very regularly alternate and 5-6 mm, apart, obtusely trigonous, 
8-10 mm. long, 3 mm. thick, occasionally slightly curved, narrowly oblong, gradually 
attenuated from the middle upwards into an almost acute point; calyx striately nervose, 
subcampanulate, divided down about to the middle into 3 large triangular almost acute 
lobes; corolla twice as long as the calyx or nearly so, divided down nearly to 
the base into 3 elliptic-lanceolate segments; stamens with filaments complunate in 
their lower part, subulate upward, not inflected at the apex; anthers narrowly sub- 
sagittate, with cells deeply discrete at the base; rudimentary ovary columnar, a 
little shorter than the filaments, divided into three subulate bodies. Other parts 
unknown. 
Hasrrat.—Discovered by M. L, Pierre in March 1877 in the northern part of the 
River Dongnai at Chiao-xhan in Lower Cochin-China (Herb. Pierre No. 4829). The 
fruit is eaten by the natives (Pierre). 
OnsERvATIONS.—I have seen only a male spadix and some portions of leaves of this 
very fine species which is closely related to C. arborescens Griff., from which it differs 
in the leaflets being of the same green eolour on both surfaces and not white under- 
neath, and in the limb of the secondary spathes being greenish and when withered 
and decayed not nearly black. The spikelets and the flowers are very much the same 
as those of C. erectus, but from this C. dongnaiensis differs in its inflated spathes, 
C. longisetus is also another allied species, but this is climbing and is powerfully clawed 
in the attenuated axial portions of the spadix, while C. dongnaiensis bears only straight 
spines throughout, 
Prate 8.—Calamus dongnaiensis Pierre. Apex of a leaf and leaflets of an 
intermediate portion of leaf; basal portion of a male spadix with an entire partial 
inflorescence and the terminal portion of the same spadix. From the authentic 
specimen of Pierre in Herb. Becc. 
5. Carawus LoNGISETUS Griff. in Cale. Journ. Nat. Hist. v, 36, and Palms 
Brit. Ind. 44, t. clxxxix. A.B.; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii, 333; Walp. 
Ann. iii, 483, and v, 830; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. ii, 114; Hook. f. F] 
Brit. Ind. vi, 440; Becc. in Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 199. - 
C. tigrinus Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, xliii, pt. 2 (1874), 211, t. 
xxv and xxvi and For. Fl. Brit. Burma ii, 519. Kc à 
DescripTion.—Large and scandent; unsheathed stem 9:5—3 em. in diam.  Leaf-sheaths 
(probably flagelliferous) fearfully armed with whorls and half-whorls of broad, flat, sharp 
glossy, fuseous or black spines (about 3 cm. long), intermingled with shorter d 
thinner ones (Kurz). Leaves very large (3-4 m., Griffith) not cirriferous; petiole long 
2-2°5 cm. thick, deeply channelled above, round and armed beneath with ihe 
similar to those of the sheaths and of various sizes (some of them 4 em. long) seat 
tered or variously aggregated in more or less complete comb-like whorls; rachis of the 
