144 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. (Ç. dilaceratus - 
above sea-level. In Manipur and. on the Naga Hills (G. Watt No. 7459). Sikkim 
(Hooker f. & Thomson; Treutler in Herb. Kew and Herb. St. Petersb.; Gambie) Buxa 
Reserve in the West Duars (Gambie). T. Anderson (l. c.) says that ‘‘this species occurs 
in most of the deep valleys of the outer ranges of the Sikkim Himalaya, and 
extends into the interior along the course of the larger rivers and their tributaries 
did . . The canes are soft and useless. The Lepcha name of this Calamus 
is ‘Lat. In Nepal according to Gamble it is called ‘Dangri Bet’ and at Kurseong 
‘Rani’ or ‘Rabi Bet’ (Burkill). 
OnskRVATIONS.—AÀ very well-marked delicate species, distinguished by its very long, 
simply decompound, extremely narrow spadices very much the same in both sexes, 
and with long, strict, partial inflorescences bearing numerous short spikelets which are 
decidedly scorpioid in the male spadix. Anderson (l. c.) says.of this Calamus that 
‘sit is somewhat gregarious in its habit, The long slender stems, when lying on the 
ground, send out short leafy shoots from their joints and form a thicket of prickly 
leaves. The flowering extremities of these prostrate stems ascend the trees by the 
assistance of the strongly barbed straight tendrils springing from the sheaths of the 
leaves.” 
PrarE 14,—Calamus leptospadix Grif. Intermediate portion of a leaf (seen from 
above) and partial inflorescence (both on the right-hand side), from a specimen collected 
by Sir D. Brandis on the Teesta (Herb. Bece.); apex of a leaf (on the left side) seen 
from the lower surface; leaf-sheath and a nearly entire spadix from the Khasia 
Hills (Herb. Beec.); apex of a leaf-sheath with large ocrea and base of the petiole 
from a young plant (on the right hand lower corner). Fruits and seeds (from the 
Calcutta Botanic Garden). i 
9. CALAMUS DILACERATUS Becc. in Rec. Bot, Surv. Ind. ii, 198. 
DzscRrPTION.— T'ufted, probably not scandent, Leaves: the only one seen supposed 
to belong to the spadix hereafter described, and probably a radical one, is 3 m. 
long and has the apical portion in a decayed condition, but apparently not 
cirriferqus. Its sheath is not completely tubular, but opened on the ventral side and 
is densely armed throughout with very thin, black, criniform, friable, straight spicules 
of unequal length (the largest 4-5 em. long), confluent at their bases and arranged 
in rather erowded oblique series; the petiole is very long (about 1 m.), sablersts 
faintly channelled on the upper surface of the lower portion, sparingly tuberdled: 
spioulous; the rachis is rounded below and sprinkled there with some small 
subspinous tubercles, with an acute angle and two flat side-faces above; leaflets very 
many, equidistant, rather crowded (about 2 cm. apart), linear-ensiform, very 
acuminate, thinly papyraceous, the largest, the mesial, 35-10 cm. long by 1°5 cm. 
green, subconcolorous on both surfaces, with three rather acute cost above, of 
which the central is bristly-spinulous near the apex and the lateral furnished with 
few short black sete; beneath, all nerves are very faint, the central rather 
densely, and one on each side of this sparingly setiferous. Male spadiz . .. Female 
$padiz decompound, rather large, panicled, not flagelliferous, with many partial 
inflorescences; primary spathes not very long, tubular-infundibuliform, dry, somewhat 
