170 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. (CC. ruvidus. 
shining on both surfaces, 28-30 cm. long and 3:5 cm. broad, with 5- costa, 
Which are acute above but prominent also on the lower surface and naked 
on both; transverse  veinlets very fine, approximate and continuous; margins 
smooth; the two terminal leaflets a little shorter but broader than the side 
ones and united in the lower third of their length, suddenly contracted at 
the apex into a bristly-penicillate tip. Male spadix > « . . Female spadix 
not flagelliform, paniculate, with not many, approximate, partial inflorescences 
and terminating in a long spikelet, which bears at its base a finely clawed fili- 
form appendix 7 cm. in length (a rudimentary flagellum); primary spathes not 
very elongate (5-10 cm.), closely sheathing in their lower portion, somewhat 
enlarged and loose above, finely striated longitudinally, thinly coriaceous, glabrous, 
greenish-brown, armed with small scattered claws in their lower portion, decayed and 
falling to pieces (not fibrous) in their upper part, the dead part sharply defined 
from the living; partial inflorescences approximate, all (except the uppermost 
which is smaller) of about the same size, 15-18 cm. long, inserted inside their own 
spathe, at first ascendent, then arched, bearing 8-10 spikelets on each side and 
terminating in a spikelet longer than the side ones; secondary spathes strongly and 
densely scabrid-papillose, tubular-cylindraceous and strictly sheathing in their basal 
portion, suddenly enlarged near the mouth and extended at one side into a. rather 
long, triangular,  subulate, decayed point; spikelets vermicular, inserted just 
at the mouth of their own spathe, slightly callous at their upper axilla, horizontal 
and somewhat arched, the largest, the lowest, 6-7. cm. long, with 15-20 very 
approximate. flowers on each side; the upper a little shorter; spathels very densely 
scabrid-pupillose, with a very short tubular basal part and suddenly expanded into a 
concave subcymbiform limb, which is prolonged at one side into a triangular, acute, 
spreading or deflexed tip; involucrophorum shallowly cupular, attached almost outside 
its own spathel at the base of the one above; involucre more or less regularly — 
cupular, often asymmetrically evolute, strongly striately veined; areola of the neuter 
flower very large, flattish, almost circular, very sharply bordered, sometimes only 
slightly smaller than the involucre. Fruiting perianth explanate; the calyx divided into 
3 broad indistinctly veined lobes; the segments of the corolla lanceolate, one-half or 
one-third longer than the calyx, smooth outside. Fruit (unripe) very small (7 mm. 
in diam.), spherical, very shortly beaked; scales in 16 series, yellowish-brown, 
convex, very faintly channelled along the middle, with scarious finely erose margins 
and tip, where sometimes they are marked with an indistinct intramarginal line. 
Hasrrat.—Borneo; Sarawak, (Lobb in Herb. Kew). 
OssERvATIONS.—I have seen of this only one specimen (preserved at Kew) consisting 
of the upper part of a leaf and the apex of an immature fruiting spadix. This 
portion of spadix (probably the greater part of it) is 40 em. long and bears 4 
partia inflorescences. C. ruvidus is a near ally of C. scabridulus and C. radulosus by 
its very scabrid secondary spathes, spathels and involucres; it differs however from 
both in the leaves having very few, 5-costulate, somewhat concave leaflets, which 
are oblanceolate or broadest above the middle, without bristles or spines, and in the 
rather compact female spadix with few short and approximate partial inflorescences. 
The characters assigned by me to the leaf-sheaths in the diagnosis of C, ruvidus in 
