Q. rugosus) BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS UDALAMUS. 175 
at one side, strongly scabrid throughout and occasionally more or less aculeolate; 
spikelets vermicular, inserted just above the mouth of their own spathe, hod 
and. deflexed, the largest, the lowest of each inflorescence, 8-9 cm. long with 20-23 
distichous flowers on each side, the upper shorter and with fewer flowers; spathels 
short, bracteiform, concave or broadly boat-shaped, strongly striately veined, apiculate 
at one side, very scabrid-papillose;  involuerophorum shallow, subcupular, almost 
exserted from its own spathel and attached to the base of the one above; involucre 
more or less asymetrically cupular, scarious at the margin; areola of the neuter 
flower large, ovate, with acute scarious borders. Female flowers closely packed, 
small (about 8 mm. long). Fruiting perianth explanate (not ^ pedicelliform); the 
calyx deeply striately veined, broadly 3-lobate; the corolla with lanceolate segments, 
smooth outside, one-third longer than the calyx. Fruit (when still very young) very 
small, pisiform, globose, rather long-beaked ; scales not channelled along the middle, 
yellowish-brown with a reddish line across the base of the searious lacerated tip. 
|. Hanrrar.—Malayan Peninsula; Perak (Scortechini No, 468" in Herb. Becc.); 
Goping (King’s Collector No. 8171 in Herb. Calc.)—Malay name ‘Rotang Kikier.' 
OBsERVATIONS—AÀ. very distinct species, remarkable for the armature of the 
sheaths and the scabridity of the secondary spathes,  spathels and involucres, 
sharing, however, this last peculiarity with C. ruvidus and C. scabridulus. It differs 
from both in the leaves with the leaflets gradually decreasing in length from 
the middle towards the apex, the two apical leaflets being the shortest and the 
narrowest. It differs besides from C. ruvidus in its long spadices with very long 
partial inflorescences. The female spadix of C. radulosus seems very much the same 
as that of C. scabridulus, but in this the partial inflorescences and the spikelets are 
much more slender. Amongst Scortechini’s specimens of C. radulosus there is & male 
spadix with very young flowers. It does not differ from the female one, and bears 
a partial inflorescence (the lowest) 1'2 m. in length, with many very long com- 
pound spikes on each side, which again bear  distichously) many simple spikelets; 
the apex of the inflorescence bears only simple spikelets; the secondary spathes, 
the spathels and the involucres are scabrid as in the female spadix. The fruit 
has been described from No. 8171 of the Caleutta Herbarium. | 
Prare 35.—Calamus radulosus Bece. Part of the sheathed stem with the base 
of two leaves and the basal portion of a spadix; an entire partial female 
inflorescence; the apex of a leaf seen from the lower surface; two detached leaflets 
with a portion of the rachis, seen from the under surface and taken from near the 
base of the leaf.—From Scortechini’s specimen No. 468" in Herb. Beccari. 
99. Carawus RuGosus Becc. in Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 443, and in Rec. 
Bot. Surv. of Ind. vii, 209. 
Descriprion.—Very slender, scandent. Sheathed stem 8-10 mm, in diam. Leaf 
sheaths flageiliferous, gibbous above, obliquely truncate at the mouth, armed with 
confluent, sub-whorled, triangular, short (4-5 mm. long at most), laminar, sub-horizontal 
(not  deflexed) spines, and further ornamented with many small more or less 
interrupted annular ridges or wrinkles, which are fringed on the crest with very 
small confluent spinules. Ocrea inconspicuous. Leaves about 70 em. long; petiole 
