C. javénsis] - BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS: 179 
obsoletely bifaced above, rather densely armed: beneath along the middle and at 
the sides with rather slender claws, which are usually scattered or 2-3-nate (mainly 
upwards) and sometimes near the apex half-whorled.. Leaflets very few, 3-6 on each 
side, inequidistant, often opposite or subopposite, but never grouped on one side, of 
very variable shape but always relatively large in proportion to their length, 
lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, and more frequently elliptic or ovate-elliptic, ‘the largest 
(the intermediate) 15-18 cm.: long, and 3-6 cm. broad,  rigidulous, . papyraceous, 
glabrous, green or occasionally vinous-purpurascent, faintly paler beneath, narrowed te 
the base, where acute, rather suddenly. acuminate into an acute tip (this bristly- 
penicillate when young), furnished, at almost equal distances, with 3 primary costz; 
these all reaching the apex and of about the same strength, acute and raised above, 
less. prominent beneath, smooth (not spinulous or bristly) on both surfaces, with one 
slender but distinct secondary nerve interposed between each of them and the 
margins; transverse veinlets distinct, very crowded and continuous; margins acute, 
smooth throughout except’ at the extreme apex where ciliate; the lower margin often 
bordered on the upper surface with a narrow polished band; the two leaflets of the 
terminal pair somewhat longer, broader and more enlarged towards the apex than 
the side ones, connate in the lower two-thirds of their length; the basal pair, and 
sometimes the next, smaller than the upper ones and inserted very near the mouth. 
of the sheath, distinctly callous and as if they were articulated at the. base, 
strongly deflexed, concave and often the two connivent and almost embracing the 
stem. Male spadix simply decompound or partially ultradeeompound, inserted with 
a conspicuous basal callus near the mouth of the sheath opposite the leaf, or 
nearly so, very variable in length (from 60 cm. to 98 m.) flagelliform, . very 
delicate and slender, with few (3-4) or in very robust specimens, even 10-12 
partial inflorescences and not terminated by a flagellum, but by a very slender 
filiform aculeolate appendix, which is a few em. long, shorter and more slender 
than the nearest inflorescence; primary spathes very narrow and long and 
very strictly sheathing; the lowest slightly flattened, more or less acute at the 
side, almost unarmed, terminating in a very narrow acuminate limb keeled 
^on the back; the upper cylindrical, more or less aculeolate throughout, very 
long-attenuate at the base, where the axis is reduced to a slender thread and is 
flat on one side and armed on the convex back with scattered or confluent, 
but not regularly half-whorled claws; partial inflorescences divaricate, horizontal 
or. deflected by a very conspicuous axillary callus; they vary in length from 
10 to 50 em. and have the axis slender, straight or slightly sinuous, bear 2-7 
spikelets on each side and. terminate in a spikele& larger than the side ones; 
secondary spathes very narrowly tubular-infundibuliform, striately veined, smooth 
or aculeolate, obliquely truncate at the mouth, where usually but not always 
ciliolate,; more or less prolonged at one side into an acute point; spikelets 
usually straight or slightly flexuous, inserted horizontally a few mm. above the 
mouth of their own spathe, slightly deflected by a distinct axillary callus, delicate, 
flattened, 3-5 cm. long or at most in very robust plants 8-10 cm. and with 10-20 
mp to 40-50 flowers. on each side; spathels rather crowded, shortly and very 
broadly infundibuliform, rather strongly striately veined, produced at one side into 
‘a short acute point; involucre cupular, truncate, acutely bidentate and two-keeled .on 
Ann. Ror. Bor. Garp. CarcurrA Vor. XI. 
