€. javensis] . . BECCARI, MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 183 
Hasitat.—Borneo: in, the southern parts of the Island on the River Batang 
Sengaleng (Mueller in Herb. Leyd.); Bandjarmassing (Moiley in Herb. Kew); in the 
N. W. part, in Sarawak, at Kuching (Beccari), T 
OnsERVATIONS.— C. éetrastichus Bl, is certainly nothing more than the Bornean 
form of €. javensis, to which must also be reduced C. amplectens Becc. of Sarawak. 
Of C. -tetrastichus I have seen in the Leyden Herbarium an authentic specimen 
entirely agreeing with plate 153 of Blume's Rumphia, except in the ocrea which is 
not so densely hispid as is represented in that plate. Motley's specimen js perfectly 
like Mueller's one. 
That the flowers in the female spadix are arranged in four series is not a 
peculiarity of C. javensis. In all true Calami the female flowers are accompanied by 
a sterile or neuter one, and at a certain period of their development in many 
species the disposition in four series is very evident; but as the sterile flowers are 
very soon deciduous, then the fertile appear biseriate only. Miquel’s €. borneensis, 
which afterwards by the same author was considered to be a variety of C. tetrashchus, 
has been founded on male specimens in no way differing from @. javensis var, 
tetrastichus, 
Blume accorded some importance to the number of primary spathes sheathing the 
peduncular portion of the spadix; but the number of these, as well as that of the 
inflorescences, has very little value as a specific character; the differences depend 
chiefly on the conditions of more or less exuberant vegetation of the plant. From 
typical ©. javensis of Java, the variety tetrastichus differs in the lowest or basal 
leaflets being quite deflexed, concave, completely enclosing the stem and forming an 
ant-harbouring receptacle; in the leaf-costze never being spinulous; and in the more 
armed leaf-sheaths, where the spines have also a tendency to become hooked. The 
fruiting perianth is wholly explanate and not subpedicelliform as in the Javan form. 
In the fruit I have not found any important difference between the Javan and the 
Bornean plant, although perhaps the fruit of var. ¢etrastichus is slightly smaller but 
with an equally long beak. The seed also is the same. | 
From the Malayan forms of C. javensis, VAR. tetrastichus differs in the fruit 
having a shorter beak and in the seed having more concave facets. 
Prate 38.—Calamus javensis var. tetrastichus Becc. Portion of the leafy stem 
with a flagellum (the lower figure) from a Sarawak specimen, P. B. No. 1694 in 
Herb. Beccari. 
CALAMUS JAVFNSIS var. TENUISSIMUS Becc. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 443, 
and in Rec, Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 201. E 
Description.—Stem excessively slender, 925-4 mm. in diam. with the sheaths 
on; naked canes ^2 mm. only.  Leaf-8heaths armed with small scattered 
slightly recurved prickles.  Ocrea 10-12 mm. long. Leaves about 40 cm. 
in length; petiole 5-8 cm. long, roundish, sparsely aculeolate underneath, narrowly 
channelled above; leaflets very few, only 3 on each side, almost opposite (the 
couples rather inequidistantly remote ), narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate about 2 
em. broad, the two terminal the longest (as much as 20‘ em. long), connate to 
above the middle, the two lowest smaller than the others, spreading, not deflexed 
