6. viminalis | BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 207. 
Subvar.  PINANGIANUS.— The specimens from Pulo Penang (Wallich No. 8611), 
seem to have been gathered from plants more robust than those of Bengal. The 
largest primary male spikelets attain. 20 cm. in length, and bear secondary 
scorpioid spikelets with as many as 8 flowers on each side. Leoflets (largest) 30 
cm. by 25-28 mm.; their mid-costa with some almost spinescent bristles near the 
base above, and bristly beneath; one nerve on each side of the mid-costa spinulous 
on both surfaces. 
Subvar, ANDAMANICUS, — Robust (like suBVAR. pinangianus); sheathed stem 2°5-3 cm. 
in diam, Leaf-sheaths sparingly armed. Leaflets as in  sUBVAR. pinangianus, but 
sometimes with the secondary nerves more strongly spinulous on the upper surface. 
Fruit spheric, 85-9 mm. in diam., the scales in 20 series, straw-coloured with 
brown tip.-I have also observed this last character in the specimens of Wallich 
No. 8608 from Moulmein, described by Martius as (C. pseudo-Rotang. 
Subvar. COCHIN-CHINENSIS,—Leaf-sheaths densely armed. Leaves and arrangement of 
the leaflets as in suBvaR. bengalensis. Fruit a little larger in this and more 
exactly globose; fruiting spikelets as much as 20 em. long.—In the specimens from 
Cochin-China as in those from Bengal many of the ovaries are transformed into 
galls as figured by Kurz (For. Fl, Brit. Burma pl. xxvuB), but a little shorter. 
Hasirat.—The  subvariety bengalensis is common in Bengal near Calcutta in 
bamboo jungle and at Cuttack, Grifith; at Dacca, Hooker & Thomson in Herb, Kew 
and C. B. Clarke in Herb. Becc.; at Chittagong and Rampore Hooker & Thomson in 
Herb. Kew; at Orissa on the banks of Mandrapara, Gamble; at Dowlutgunje, 
Dinapur, Clarke, There does not seem to be any essential difference between the 
Bengal specimens and some collected by Gamble in the Province of Madras at 
Valmara, Rumpa (650 m. elev.) in the district of Godavari and on the Palkanda 
Hills (300 met.) It is also common in Burma from Ava to Tenasserim, Kurz at 
Moulmein, Wallich No. 8608 in H. Kew.; at Rangoon, McClelland in H. Kew.; 
Tavoy, Shatk Mokim in Herb. Cale. 
The subvariety pinangianus occurs at Pulo Penang, Wallich No. 8611, 
The subvariety andamanicus occurs in the Andamans, Kurz, Liebig in Herb 
Cale; £. H. Man. in Herb. Beccari.) | 
The subvariety cochinchinensis seems common in lower Cochin-China, where it has 
been collected by Pierre (No. 4848) on the mountains Kuang Repen in the 
Province Ipong; at Songlu in the Province Bien-hoa and on the mountains Day 
in the Province Chandoc. 
According to Roxburgh the Sanskrit name of C. fasciculatus is Umba-vetus and 
the Hindustani and Bengalese ‘‘Bura Bet.” Gamble gives the names of “Bara Bet” in 
the Bengali and of “ Kyeing Kha” in the Burmese languages. 
Pierre (M$8.) gives the following Cochinchinese names :—“ May cat” sanie); 
* Sin lat" (Moi); * Padao Kree” (Kmer) ‘The Rotang is much used in India, as it 
is in Cochin-Chima. 
. Ossemvarrows.—I have not been able to discover any specific character to distin- 
guish €. fasciculatus Roxb, from C. viminalis Willd. Roxburgh himself (l. c. p. 779) 
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