E heteroideus | BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 939 
Calamus sp. (C. anceps Bl?) Zoll, Syst. Verzeichn, 79 and Exsice, No. 7 83. 
C. Reinwardt var. heteroideus Becc. in Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii 205 
DesoriptioN.—Scandent, slender. Sheathed stem 1-1°5 cm, in diam. Leaf-sheaths 
flagelliferous, slightly gibbous above, covered, when young, with a tawny-furfur- 
aceous, easily detachable indumentum, more or less densely armed with flat, polished, 
light-coloured, subulate, scattered (never seriate) very unequal, short or 1-2 em. 
long. horizontal or slightly deflexed spines.  Leaf-sheath flagella slender, sometimes 
bearing a rudimentary spikelet, armed with solitary slender, almost unilaterally set 
claws. crea liguliform, elongate (even 6-7 cm,), tubular at first, later split 
anticously, membranous, ultimately exsuccous, and more or less lacerate, smooth or 
prickly chiefly at the base. Leaves 50-90 cm. long, not cirriferous; petiole 10-25 
cm. long, rounded beneath, more or less channelled above, occasionally smooth, but 
usually armed at the margins and often beneath with not many broad-based, 
scattered, rigid, 1-3 cm. long, subulate, solitary or geminate horizontal spines, 
which aie sometimes intermingled with smaller spines that have a tendency to 
change into claws; rachis in its lower portion armed beneath along the middle with 
a few solitary straight or suddenly deflexed elongate spines, which are often 
intermingled with long-tipped claws; the latter more numerous and smaller (to the 
exclusion of other kinds of spines) in its upper portion; the spines of the petiole 
and rachis light-coloured like those of the sheaths; leaflets 12-22 on each side, 
subequidistant, 2-4 cm. apart, thinly papyraceous, subshining above, slightly paler 
beneath, linear-ensiform, attenuate at the base, subulately acuminate into a bristly 
apex, distinctly tri-costate, the 3 costae spinulous above, usually naked beneath 
or with a few spinules on the mid-costa; transverse veinlets rather distant, 
sharp, much interrupted ; margins appressedly spinulous, the largest leaflets, those 
a little above the base, 23-25 cm. long, 13-15 mm, broad; the two of the 
terminal pair smaller than the others, free at the base, Male spadix ultradecompound 
in its lower portion, simply decompound upwards, elongate, delicate, flagelliform. 
Female spadiz more robust than the male one, simply decompound, slender, elongate 
(0:8-1 m. long), flagelliform, with few (4-5) very remote partial inflorescences 
and prolonged at the summit into a slender filiform aculeate appendix; primary 
spathes very closely sheathing, very narrow and very elongate; the lowest flattened, 
with acute and spinous edges; the upper ones cylindraceous, more or less prickly, 
chiefly externally, in their lower attenuated part, and with a short limb at their 
summit; partial inflorescences 15-20 cm. long, ascendent, with 4-8 spikelets on each 
side, inserted above the mouth of their respective spathes with a distinct axillary 
callus; secondary spathes elongate-infundibuliform, striately veined, unarmed or 
aculeolate, truncate at the mouth, prolonged at one side into a short point; spikelets 
horizontal or slightly deflexed with a distinct axillary callus; the lower ones, the 
largest, 3-5 cm. long with 8-10 bifarious, not very approximate flowers on each 
side; the upper ones somewhat shorter ; spathels shortly and broadly infundibuliform, 
coarsely veined, very shortly prolonged at one side into an acute point; 
involuerophorum exsert from its own spathel and laterally attached to the 
attenuated part of the one above, shallow-cupular; involucre slightly exceeding the 
involucrophorum, cupular, often with irregular margin ; areola of the neuter flower 
