D49 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. [C. opacus, 
63, Cazamus oPACUS Bl, Rumphia, iii, 50; Mart. Hist, Nat. Palm. iii, 336; 
Walp. .Ann. iii, 486, and v, 830; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii, 123, and in 
Journ. de Bot. Neerl i, 21. and Prodr. Fl. Sum. 256 and De Palmis 
27; Becc. in Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 205. 
Description.—Slender, scandent, Sheathed stem, cm. in diam.  Leaf-sheaths pubescent, 
armed with straight, flattened, subulate, pale, unequal, short or 10-15 mm, long and 
often obliquely inserted spines.  Leaf-sheath flagella elongate, armed with scattered 
solitary or somewhat irregularly aggregate aculei.  Ocrea 1-15 cm. long, anticously 
split and with irregular margins. Leaves not cirriferous, about 80 cm. long, petiole 
15 cm. in length, flat above, armed at the margins with straight spines, rounded 
below where furnished with scattered claws; rachis sparsely floccose-furfuraceous, 
bifaced and smooth above and armed beneath, from the middle to the top, with soli- 
tary claws which have a black, straight and not very long tip, and in the lower portion 
along the middle and at the sides with slender, rather approximate (2-3 cm. apart) 
claws; leaflets very numerous (in one leaf 27 on each side) almost equidistant, 
narrowly ensiform, subulately acuminate; the intermediate ones the largest, 25 cm. 
long and 13-16 mm. broad; the upper ones shorter; the two of the terminal pair free 
at the base, all tricostulate ; the 3 coste sprinkled above with bristles (3-4 mm. long , 
which beneath are confined to the mid-costa; margins very appressedly spinulous; 
transverse veinlets very irregular. Male spadiz . . «+ . Female spadix elongate- 
flagelliform ; primary spathes very narrow, eylindraceous, very closely sheathing, rather 
densely armed with| small scattered claws ; partial inflorescences remote (in one speci. 
men 30 cm. long with 8-9 spikelets on each side); spikelets inserted just at the 
mouth of their own spathes with a distinct axillary callus, spreading or horizontal, 
slightly eurved, the larger ones, the lowest, 6-7 cm. long, with 10-11 flowers on each 
side; secondary spathes elougate, tubular-infundibuliform, very narrow at the base, 
unarmed, truncate at the mouth, prolonged.at one side into a triangular acute point; 
spathels infundibuliform, 4 mm. long, truncate, smooth, not striate; involucrophorum 
cupular, laterally adnate to the base of the spathel above its own; areola of the 
neuter flower callous, lunate. Fruiting perianih very shortly pedicelliform, the calyx 
trilobate, callous at the base, not striate outside ; the corolla with ovate-lanceolate 
acute segments as long as the calyx, Fruit broadly ellipsoid, 17-18 mm. long and 
13-14 mm. in diam. suddenly and shortly -beaked ; scales in 18 series, faintly 
channelled along the middle, fuscescent or umber-brown with a much darker marginal 
Jine which is broader towards the rather elongate point, the margins erosely toothed. 
Seed oblong, 11°5 mm. long and 8-85 mm. thick, convex and coarsely pitted or 
grooved on the back and with an almost round chalazal fovea in the centre of the 
raphal side; albumen equable; embryo basal.—All parts of the plant acquire a brown 
colour when dry. 
Hasrrat.—Blume founded this species on specimens collected by Praetorius in 
Sumatra, where it has been found again by me at about 1,700 metres above the 
sea on Mount Galang. 
OxsseRvaTions.—1 have written the description of the stem and leaves mainly . 
from my specimens, but I have also seen a portion of a leaf and of the spadix 
with mature fruit of the typical specimens of Blume. 
