Q; ralumensis. | BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 957 
73, CALAMUS RALUMENSIS Warb. in K. Sch. Fl, Neu-Pomm., 98; Schum. & 
Laut. Fl. Deutsch. Schutzg. in der Südsee, 202; Bece. in Rec. Bot. 
Surv. Ind. ii, 217. 
C. longipinna Laut. & K. Sch. 1. c. 203; Bece. l c. 
Descriprion.—High scandent, of moderate size, Sheathed stem 2'5—3 cm. in diam, 
naked canes with a polished surface, their internodes about 30 cm. long, cylin- 
draceous, slightly clavate or larger in their upper part near the node, where about 
2 um. in diam.  Leaf-sheaths sometimes flagelliferous, green even when dry, strongly 
gibbous above, marked longitudinally from the insertion of the flageila or spadices 
lower down by an obtusely raised costa, altogether smooth or more cr less armed 
with a few very small, scattered, short, broad-based prickles. Ocrea very large, 
lanceolate-auriculiform or like the ears of the ass, 15-30 cm. long, rigid, chartaceous, 
exsuccous, not disintegrating into fibres, at first furfuraceous, later glabrous, unarmed or 
very sparingly spinulous. Leaf-sheath flagella filiform, very slender, with the lowest 
spathe almost smooth, densely armed on the outer side of the intermediate spathes 
with 2-3-nate claws, these more numerous and slender in the terminal very slender 
filiform portion, eaves not cirriferous, above 1 m. in length, those of the upper 
part of the stem almost epetiolate; the first portion of the racbis tlat above, where, 
as at the sides, unarmed, roundish beneath, where sometimes smooth in the first portion, 
but armed upwards along the middle up to the base of the terminal leaflets with 
solitary, rather closely and regularly set dark-tipped claws; in the upper face (the 
rachis) is narrowly channelled at the sides where are inserted the leaflets, and acutely 
bifaced and smooth upwards; leaflets numerous, equidistant (at least in the upper leaves 
of the full grown plants), the lower ones horizontal, the others inserted at an angle 
of about 45°, thinly chartaceous but rigidulous, dull oa both surfaces, slightly paler 
beneath, ensiform or very narrowly lanceolate-ensiform, gradually acuminate from the 
middle upwards into a bristly-spinulous tip, somewhat narrowed and plicate at the 
base, where furnished above with a distinct axillary callus at their insertion and of 
a similar one, beneath, inside the plica: they are 3-costulate with the mid-costa (acute) 
and one more slender costa on each side of it, all furnished with rather remoto 
fulvous bristles: beneath all the nerves less prominent and only the mid-costa sparingly 
bristly-spinulous; margins acute (not thickened by a marginal nerve) furnished with 
small spinules, these longer and more patent towards the summit; the lurgest leaflets, 
those a little above the base, 30-40 cm. long and 20-25 mm, broad, the upper 
ones rather suddenly shorter, and the two of the terminal pair small and free at the 
base; transverse veinlets not very regular and much interrupted. Male spadiz ultrade- 
compound, large and elongate; with many rather dense partial inflorescences, 
flagelliform at the summit and terminating in a tail-like filiform (6-10 cm. 
long) densely aculeclate appendix; primary spathes tubular, closely sheathing, elongate, 
marcescent and dissolved into filaments at the mouth, light (when dry), finely 
longitudinally striate, unarmed on the ventral or inner side, sprinkled with very small 
solitary broad-based claws on the back; partial inflorescences arising erect from the 
mouth of the spathe and then arched and pendulous, much branched; one is 50 cm. 
long and forms a rather large and dense panicle; others (of the upper part of the 
spadix) are much smaller and 12-25 cm. apart; secondary spathes  elongate- 
Ann. Ror. Bor. Garp. CarcurrA Vor. XI. 
