262 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. . (€. tenuis. 
PrarE 93.—Calamus gogolensis Bece. Portion of the sheathed stem with the base 
of a leaf and the lower portion.of a flagellum; the summit of the leaf, of which the 
base is attached to the sheath in the figure mentioned above.—From  Lauterbach's 
type-specimen in Herb. Berol. | 
76. Carawus TENUIS Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii, 780 (printed tenuius); Kunth Enum. 
Plant. ii, 211; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii, 212 (lst edit.) and 335; 
Griff. in Cale. Journ. Nat. Hist. v, 46 and Palms Brit. Ind. 57, pl. cxciur 
. A.B.C.; Walp. Ann, iii, 485, and v, 830; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii, 118; 
Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xliii (1871) 212, pl. xxxis, and 
For. Fl. Brit. Burma 520; Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 417: Bece. in 
Rec. Bot. Surv, Ind. ii, 206. 
Royleanus Griff. in Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist. v, 40, and Palms Brit. Ind. 
53, pl. cxct; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii, 335; Walp. Ann. iii, 485 and 
v, 830. 
€. Heliotropium Ham. Cat. Dried Plants, 90, No. 877 (name only, as from 
Griff); Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii (1st edit.) 211 and 334; Kunth 
Enum. Pl. iii, 210; Griff. in Cale. Journ. Nat. Hist. v, 44, 51 and Palms 
Brit Ind. 61; Walp. Ann. iii, 484, and v, 830; H. Wendl. in Kerch 
Les Palmiers, 236 (excel. Phoentcoscorpiurus Pluk.?, this reduced to C. 
Rotang (L) Willd). 
€. amarus Lour. Fl. Cochinchin., Ist edit, 1790, i, 210? 
A 
Description.—High scandent, rather slender or of moderate size. Sheathed stem 
1-2 cm. in diam,; naked canes 5-15 mm, in diam. with a light-yellowish vitreous 
surface; the internodes 15-25 cm. long.  Leaf-sheaihs gibbous above, more or less armed 
with horizontal, scattered, straight, usually short spines which have a narrow, 8-10 
mm. long, brown tip and a broad light base, this hollow or concave underneath; some- 
times two or more spines, disposed in oblique series, are in contact by their extendep 
bases, or the spines being quite rudimentary, their bases form many interrupted 
oblique slightly raised ridges, Leaf-sheath flagella very slender, compressed and unarmed 
or nearly so in their basal portion, terete and armed upwards with scattered solitary 
or more or less confluent claws. Ocrea short, 5-10 mm, long at most, truncate, 
brown, exsuccous, brittle, glabrous. eaves not cirriferous, relatively short (0°6-1 m, 
long), fugaciously and finely  furfuraceous; petiole 10-15 em. long or shorter 
broadly channelled or  flattish above, rounded and almost vnarmed or sparingly 
furnished along the middle with short, almost straight spines below, its margins very 
acute, more or less irregularly and remotely armed with small, straight or hooked. 
spines; rachis bifaced and smooth above in its upper portion, sub-regularly armed 
beneath along the middle with solitary black-tipped claws, which sometimes have a 
rather long and almost straight point; leaflets very numerous, 20-35 on each side, 
papyraceous, equidistant and rather approximate, alternate or sub-opposite, linear- 
ensiform or very narrowly lanceolate, somewhat attenuate at the base, where suddenly 
plicate, very acuminate at the apex, sub-shining on the upper surface, very slightly 
paler beneath; tricostate, or with the  mid-costa accompanied on each side by a 
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