C. Walkerit. | BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 975. 
also, though externally very similar in the two, has the seed globular in C. tenuis and 
flattened or sublenticular in C. Rotang. The ¢? spikelets of C. Rotang have the axis 
slightly zig-zag sinuous, the spathels rather elongate and therefore the flowers rather 
remote and the involucrophorum not at all pedicelliform; its male flowers are of the 
usual kind, spreading and bifarious in flattened spikelets, and in the female spikelets 
the companion or sterile flower is divaricate or makes a wide angle with the tondis 
one; and consequently the female spikelets, even when young, never have the flowers 
arranged in four series as in C. tenuts. 
Prate 79.—Calamus Rotang Jinn. Portion of a sheathed stem with bases of the 
leaves, sammit of a leaf and mele spadix, from a specimen originally coming from 
Ceylon and cultivated at Buitenzorg (Herb. Becc.); an intermediate portion of a 
leaf (upper surface); the summit of a fruit spadix; mature fruit and seed, one of 
these longitudinally cut, from a specimen gathered by Gamble in the Chingleput 
district, Madras Presidency (Herb. Becc.). 
80. Caramus WaLkertt Hance in Journ. Bot, xii (1874), 266; Becc. in Rec. 
Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 200. . 
Description.—Probably scandent and of moderate size, Stem and  leaf-sheaths 
í ^ Leaves petiolate, not cirriferous, 1-1°30 m. long (Hence); rachis in 
its intermediate and terminal portion trigonous, smooth and acutely bifaced above, 
flattish beneath, where armed chiefly along the middle with rather stout straight 
or slightly curved, somewhat deflexed black-tipped spines, which sometimes are even 
2 cm. long; leaflets very numerous, equidistant, alternate or subopposite, 22-24 
mm. apart, yellowish-green, concolorous on both .surfaces, ensiform, attenuate and 
deeply plicate at the base, gradually acuminate from about the middle into a 
subulate and bristly apex, superficially indented on the lower margin near the summit, 
with 3 distinct costae, these acute and furnished with long bristles on the upper 
surface and usually naked beneath; secondary nerves slender, rather numerous und 
rather distinct on both surfaces, always naked; margins remotely and appressedly . 
spinulous, somewhat thickened by secondary nerves; transverse veinlets rather distinct 
above, very crowded ; the largest leaflets (amongst those seen by me) 38 em. long, 
25 mm. broad (Hance gives 8-20 inches by 6-12 lines); the upper ones shorter ; 
the two of the terminal pair united by their bases. Male spadiz . . . . . Female 
spadiz decompound, elongate, prolonged into a terminal flagellum which is strongly 
armed with half-whorled claws; primary spathes tubular, closely sheathing, the lowest 
acutely two-keeled and irregularly armed at the base with very variable spines; the 
upper ones more or less clawed, very obliquely truncate and extended at one side at the 
mouth into a bristly-penicillate tip; partial inflorescences few (2-4, Hance’, erect, 
rather compact, pyramidate, the larger ones about 20 cm. long and furnished disti- 
ohously on each side with 18-20 approximate, gradually but speedily shortening 
spikelets; secondary spathes short, cylindraceous, truncate at the mouth and prolonged 
at oné side into an elongate bristly tip; spikelets inserted just above the mouth of 
their own spathe with a distinct axillary callus, horizontal, filiform, slightly-arched; the 
largest, the lower ones of each inflorescence, 6-7 em. long with 15-16 distichous 
Ann. Ror. Bor. Gaz». Cancurza Vor. XI. 
