278 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. (C. Brandisii.. 
OBsERvATIONS.—I have seen of this only a small portion of a leaf with 8 cm. of 
rachis and 7 leaflets, apparently detached from above the intermediate part of the 
leaf. It is curious that this species, which was found in the time of Roxburgh, has 
not been collected again by modern botanists. It seems to me that the Calam: in 
Lower India are more scarce now than in past times, perhaps on account of the greater 
extension given to cultivation and owing to the destruction of the forests. 
C. Delessertianus seems related to C. Brandisii, but it differs from this, as 
from any other South Indian species known to me, by its numerous equidistant ensiform 
sub-5-costulate leaflets; the closely sheathing tubular coriaceous primary spathes, and 
the elongate spikelets; the bracteiform involucrophorum and the numerous perfectly 
bifarious flowers. 
Prate 101.—Calamus Delessertianus  Bece. Portion of a leaf probably from above 
its middle; one partial inflorescence with the upper part of its spathe.—The entire 
Roxburghian specimen in Herb.  Deless. 
84. Carawus Bmawpzsu Becc. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 448, and in Rec. 
Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 206. 
Description.—Scandent and slender. Sheathed stem 10-15 mm. in diam. Leaf- 
sheaths flagelliferous, slightly gibbous above, densely armed with very unequal (3-15 
mm. long), scattered, deflexed, schistaceous, slender needle-like spines, which rest on a 
small tumescent subtuberculiform base; the mouth and the very short ocrea very 
densely furnished with numerous bristly or criniform fulvous spiculae of which some 
are even 5 cm. in length. Leaves not cirriferous, short, in one specimen 55 cm. 
long; the petiole 15 cm. long, flat and smooth above, convex beneath, the 
margins acute and conspicuously armed with a few very long (3-4 cem.) straight, 
slender, rigid, needle-like horizontal pale spines; rachis immediately above the 
insertion of the first leaflets acutely trigonous, smooth on the upper angle, armed 
beneath with’ a few very ‘strong, solitary, 2-3 cm. long, deflexed, light-coloured 
spines; leaflets very few, in one leaf 15 in all, very distinctly faacicled, 6 of them 
radiately approximate at the summit, narrowly or elongate-lanceolate, papyraceous, 
rather firm, subshining, concolorous or slightly paler beneath, somewhat attenuate at the 
base, where not very acute, acuminate at the summit into a bristly-spinulous apex, 
with the mid-costa acute above, where very sparingly spinulous and accompanied on 
each side by two rather distinct secondary nerves of which one, that nearer the mid- 
costa, is usually furnished with a few spinules; beneath the mid-costa and the second- 
ary nerves smooth; margins rather densely ciliate with spreading short spinules; the 
largest leaflets, the intermediate ones, 25-27 cm. long, 20-25 mm. broad, the upper 
and the lower ones somewhat shorter but not narrower, the two of the terminal pair 
shortly united at the base. Male spadiz . . . . . Female spadiz elongate, flagelliform 
(about 80 cm. in length!, terminating in a slender aculeate flagellum and with few (4) 
partial inflorescences; primary spathes narrowly tubular, closely sheathing; the lowest 
flattened, acutely two-edged, smooth or sparingly spinulous, prolonged at the summit 
into a lanceolate point and bristly bearded at the mouth; upper primary  spathes 
eylindraceous, narrowed at. the base, where flat on the inner side, convex and 
clawed on the back, and also but very sparingly in their upper part, with a 
