Be. Feanus. | BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 287 
nate rather robust claws, which have a swollen light base and a black tip. Leaves 
not cirriferous, about 1 m. in length; petiole very short, 3-7 cm. long (or almost 
obsolete), flat and smooth or with a spinule here and there above, armed at 
the sides as in the first portion of the rachis with short straight or slightly curved 
spines, convex beneath, where also, as on the rachis, armed along the middle with 
solitary stout claws; upper part of the rachis bifaced and smooth above; leaflets 
few (6-8 on each side), inequidistant but not fascicled, rather remote, alternate or 
sub-opposite, rigidulously papyraceous, dark-green when dry, somewhat convex, glabrous, 
almost concolorous, elliptic-lanceolate or oblanceolate, attached to the rachis by a narrow 
and many-plicate base, suddenly narrowed at the summit into a rather short penicillate 
point, which is longer and more gradually acuminate in the lower leaflets, furnished 
with 7-9 primary nerves or costae, which are rather slender, all of about the same 
strength and almost equally raised on both surfaces, inconspicuously and very sparingly 
spinulous above, naked beneath; the mid-costa usually non-central and scarcely stronger 
than the others; transverse veinlets rather distinct and approximate; margins closely 
ciliate with spreading spinules, these shorter, appressed and more distant towards the 
base; the largest leaflets, those of the lower third-part of the rachis, 20-32 cm, 
in length and 5-7 cm, in width; those near the base narrower; the upper ones 
shorter (16-20 cm.); the leaf usually terminated by two leaflets perfectly free at the 
base and accompanied by a smaller or rudimentary leaflet between them; in other 
cases this terminal leaflet is fully developed and not different from the two next, 
Male spadiz . . . . . Female spadiv decompound, elongate-flagelliform (1:5 m 
long) erect, rather rigid, with many (7 in one specimen) partial inflorescences; primary 
spathes tubular, elongate, closely sheathing, coriaceous, green, glabrous, finely longi, 
tudinally striate, the lowest about 20 cm. long, truncate and entire at the mouth- 
somewhat flattened with the edges acute and armed with short strong prickles, of 
which some are also scattered on the faces; the upper primary spathes cy lindraceous, 
somewhat enlarged above, but always strictly sheathing, clawed on the back, chiefly 
at the base, which is narrow subterete or slightly compressed with very obtuse angles 
(not as usual flat on the inner side) the mouth truneate or very shortly split and 
prolonged on one side into a very short triangular point; partial inflorescences 
short, rigid, panicled, subscorpioid, rather remotely inserted at or a little above the 
mouth of their own spathe, at first ascendent, then strongly arched downwards, decreas- 
ing in size from the base of the spadix upwards: the largest ones, the lowest, 10-14 
em. long with 3-4 spikelets on each side and with a terminal one longer than the 
side ones; secondary spathes tubular-infundibuliform, very closely sheathing, rather short, 
smooth, exactly truncate and entire at the mouth and shortly apiculate at one side; 
spikelets spreading, strongly arched downwards, inserted above the mouth of their 
own spathes slightly callous at their axilla, rigid, rather stout and short: the larger 
ones, the lowest, 3-5 cm. long with 10-12 flowers in all, these not in one plane but 
subunilateral and arranged in two collateral series, and turned upwards; spathels 
shortly tubular-infundibuliform, truncate, entire and acute at one side; involucrophorum 
exsert from its own spathel and laterally attached to the base of the one above, 
very shallowly cupular or subdiscoid with an inconspicuous axillary callus next to the 
axis; involucre regularly cupular, rather deep, with entire truncate margin; areola of 
the neuter flower sublunate obtusely bordered. Female flowers ovate, rather distant 
