C. baculari 8.] BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 289 
linear-lanceolate, almost equally narrowed to both ends, very acuminate at the apex 
into a filamentous tip, this with short bristles at the sides, concolorous, glabrous and 
subshining on both surfaces, quite naked and smooth beneath and with 3 acute 
costae which are spinulous above (the mid-costa less spinulous than the side ones); 
margins smooth (not bristly or spinulous), with a slender secondary nerve running 
alongside; transverse veinlets sharp, approximate; the largest leaflets, those near the 
base, 28-30 cm. long, 22 mm. broad; the upper ones somewhat smaller, narrower 
and less acute and with a small brush of short and black bristles at the apex; the two 
of the terminal pair linear, very narrow, free at the base. Male spadiz (in one 
specimen) erect, not flagelliferous at the summit, about 1 m. in length, partially 
ultradecompound, quite unarmed in every part, with a peduncular part (sheathed by a 
spathe) 25 cm, long, with 6 approximate partial inflorescences; lowest primary spathes 
strongly flattened, closely sheathing, acutely two-edged and with a lanceolate limb at 
their summit; upper primary spathes tubular, slightly flattened, somewhat enlarged and 
rather loosely sheathing above, narrowed a good deal at the base, greenish when dry, 
fugaciously furfuraceous, and with an exsuccous, auriculiform lanceolate acuminate 
limb at their summit which occasionally is furnished with a few subspinous (deciduous?) 
paleolae on the apex; the lowest partial inflorescence, the largest, decompound or divided 
into various slender branchlets (6-10 cm. long), each with numerous very short (3-5 
mm.) arched or recurved spikelets, which have only 2-5 flowers on each side; the 
upper inflorescences have 4-5 spikelets on each side; these 2-3 cm. long with 8-12 
perfectly bifarious flowers on each side; secondary spathes infundibuliform, furfuraceous, 
truncate and densely ciliate-bearded at the mouth, prolonged at one side into & 
hairy-penicillate point; spathels closely packed, bracteiform, deflexed, concave, broadly 
ovate, acute, strongly striately veined ; involucre calyculiform and apparently formed by 
two broadly ovate, acute, strongly striately veined bracts which are connate by their 
base and adnate laterally to the axis of the spikelet. Male flowers cylindraceous, narrow, 
acute, 4 mm. long and 1:5 mm. thick ; the calyx cylindraceous, obsoletely veined with 3 
short broadly triangular acute teeth ; the corolla more than twice as long as the calyx, 
its segments linear, polished outside. Female spadiz simply decompound, with an 
elongate unarmed _tail-like appendix at its summit; primary spathes as in the male 
spadix and provided with a few subspinous hairs at the summit; partial inflorescences 
with rather many bifarious spikelets; secondary spathes 12-15 mm. long in the exposed 
part, tubular-infundibuliform and with a triangular horizontal or deflexed point; spikelets 
rigid, deflexed, inserted just at the mouth of their respective spathes, with a distinct 
axillary callus, 6-7 em. long, with 10-12 flowers on each side; spathels very short 
with a deflexed triangular point; involucrophorum shallow, laterally attached outside 
its own spathel at the base of the one above; involucre shallow, 2-3-lobed, strongly 
veined; areola of the neuter flower very depressedly lunate, sharply bordered. Female 
flowers elongate-conic, 4 mm. long; the calyx flat at the base, strongly veined, divided 
down almost to the middle into 3 triangular acute teeth ; the corolla not quite twice 
as long as the calyx, its segments lanceolate-acute, polished outside; ovary during 
anthesis columnar, with a very thick style crowned by triangular recurved stigmas. 
Fruiting perianth explanate. Fruit sphaeric, 1 cm. in diam., topped by a very narrow, 
2 mm. long, cylindraceous beak; scales in 15 series, very faintly channelled along 
the middle, shining, spadiceous, with a darker triangular point.—The leaves in 
herbarium specimens acquire a dark-brown colour. ! 
Ann. Roy. Bor. Garp. Catcurra Vor. XI. 
