200 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. [C. perakensis. 
HanrríAT.—Borneo: on mount Mattang, near Kuching in Sarawak, Beccari P. B. 
No, 1933 (male specimen).—Malay name “ Rotang Champaka.” Used to make walking- 
sticks. The 9 plant found by Dr. Haviland also in Sarawak (No. 437 in Herb. Kew.) 
- Opservations.—Apparently related to C. ramosissimus and perakenis, but the spathes 
are tubular and not open flat. 
I have described the female spadix from a specimen preserved at Kew and collected 
by Dr. Haviland in Sarawak, which has only a portion of a partial inflorescence with 
flowers during the anthesis. To this specimen is joined a single detached fruit, which, 
however, I have described as that of this species on account of its peculiar perfectly 
eylindraceous mucro resting on the top of the spbaerie fruit; this mucro exactly corre- 
sponding to the columnar style of the flowers in the said specimen. The characteristics 
of C. bacularis are:—the erect stem; the leaf-sheaths armed with long spines, open 
on the ventral side and gradually passing into the petiole, this long and armed at the 
base with long horizontal spines; the leaflets equidistant, narrowly lanceolate, shining, 
3-costate; the spadices erect, unarmed, the spathes tubular; male flowers narrow and 
elongate. 
Prate 107.—Calamus bacularis Bece. Upper part of a leaf-sheath with the base 
of a leaf; an intermediate portion (under-surface) and the terminal part (upper 
surface) of a leaf; male spadix.—From Beccari P. B. No. 1933. 
90. CALAMUS PFRAKENSIS Becc. in Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind, vi, 451, and in Rec. 
Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 207. 
DzscRIPTION,—Not scandent, with a very short erect stem. Leaf-sheaths not flag- 
elliferous, open longitudinally on the ventral side, 2:5 cm, in diam, passing 
gradually into the petiole, rather densely armed, chiefly on the back, with solitary 
spreading ascendent or slightly deflexed, rigid, elastic, narrow, subulate, reddish 
brown, polished, 1-2 cm. long spines; near the margins and mainly near the 
mouth at the base of the petiole the spines are longer, some of them attain- 
ing the length of 6-7 cm. Ocrea inconspicuous (or soon deciduous?), Leaves 
not cirriferous, rather large, 1-1:3 m. in length; petiole rather long (30-35 
€m.), robust and rigid, in its upper surface smooth, channelled near the base 
and flattish or slightly convex upwards; the margins obtuse, very powerfully 
armed, chiefly near the base, with approximate horizontal elastic subulate straight 
long spines, which have a base swollen above and sometimes are even 6-7 cm. 
in length and are often intermingled with small straight prickles; the lower sur- 
face of the petiole is round and very closely armed along the middle with a series 
of small solitary claws; the rachis on its upper surface, near the base, is chan- 
nelled at the sides and  bifaced and smooth upwards; the  under-surface is 
round in its lower portion, where armed with 3 lines of small approximate soli- 
tary claws, and is flattish upwards where the claws are confined to along the 
middle; leaflets very numerous, equidistant, and very regularly set at a wide 
angle, 2:5 cm. apart or less in smaller specimens, rather rigid, papyraceous, 
almost shining on both surfaces, slightly paler beneath, ensiform, lanceolate-ensiform 
or even narrowly lanceolate, slightly narrowed to the base, where suddenly plicate, 
