a. gracilis. | BECCARI MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 319 
narrowly oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, gradually attenuate to the base and 
from or a little above the middle acuminate into a subulate bristly-ciliate tip; very 
finely 3-5 and even 7-costulate; the mid-costa scarcely stronger than the two next, 
those nearer to the margins more slender, all spinulous above, on the under-surface 
the mid-costa only sparingly spinulous near the summit, the others slender and naked ; 
transverse veinlets very short, rugulose; margins inconspicuously adpressedly spinulous; 
the largest leaflets, those of tbe intermediate groups, 20-25 cm. long. 20-25 mm, 
broad, the lowest somewhat narrower but not shorter, those of the terminal group. 
(4 or 6) slightly shorter and broader than the intermediate ones; the two of the 
ierminal pair more or less united by their bases; the leaves of young plants have 
the petiole longer, the rachis more rusty-furfuraceous, the  leaflets longer, narrower 
and with only three spinulous costae and the fascicles formed by a greater number 
of leaflets, sometimes as many as eight pairs. Male spadiz ultradecompound in its 
lower portion, simply decompound upwards, slender, 80 cm. to 1'2 m. long, ending in 
a filiform, feebly clawed flagellum; primary spathes tubular, closely sheathing, entire, 
thinly coriaceous; the lowest shorter than the upper ones (8-10 cm. long), truncate 
at the mouth, slightly compressed, faintly two-keeled, sparingly armed with very small 
claws; upper primary spathes cylindraceous, obliquely truncate at the mouth and pro- 
longed more or less into a triangular acute or acuminate point, quite smooth or 
sparingly aculeolate, suddenly narrowed in their lower axial portion, where flat on 
the inner side, convex externally and with acute margins; partial inflorescences few 
(3-6 very distant, arching-patent; the uppermost with 1-3 spikelets only; the 
lowest 10-15 cm. long, with few branchlets at the base and a few simple spikelets 
in their upper part; secondary spathes unarmed, minutely hairy-furfuraceous, narrow, 
tubular-infundibuliform, obliquely truncate, entire and acute at one side at the mouth; 
spikelets 2-4 cm. long, slender, inserted above the mouth of their own spathe, 
spreading or horizontal, with a distinct axillary callus ; spathels suddenly broadly 
infundibuliform from a narrow base, with an acute patent or deflexed striately-veined 
point; involucre calyculiform, slightly concave, striately veined; acute right and left. 
Male flowers relatively large, oblong and acute in bud, 5 mm. long, 2 mm. thick; 
the calyx tubular-campanulate, striately veined, teeth short, broadly triangular, acute; 
corolla twice as long as the calyx or even longer, its segments lanceolate, acute, finely 
striate. Female spadiz decompound, relatively short, subflagelliform, 60 cm, to 1'2 m, 
long, distinctly callous at its insertion, rather rigid, erecto-patent at first, then 
nodding, ending in a slender feebly-clawed flagellum, with 5-9 partial inflorescences; 
primary spathes as in the male spadix, tae lowest 6-7 mm. thick, the upper often 
more densely clawed than the lower ones; partial inflorescences 5-9, rather distant 
(8-15 cm. apart), rather rigid; the lowest, the largest, 10-15 cm. long, with 
3-5 gradually diminishing spikelets on each side, these inserted at or a little above 
the mouth of their respective spathes, with a distinct callus and transversal rima at 
their axilla; upper inflorescences shorter, the terminal reduced to a small solitary 
spikelet; secondary spathes elongate, tubular-infundibuliform, obsoletely angular, truncate, 
ciliolate and acute at one side at the mouth, fugaciously rusty-furfuraceous and 
scabridulous; spikelets 3-5 cm. long, the lower ones, the largest, with 5-7 distichous 
flowers on each side; spathels tubular-infundibulitorm, more distinctly scabrid than 
the secondary spathes, truncate, entire and acute at one side at the mouth; involu- 
crophorum exsert from its own spathel and laterally attached to the base of the one 
