C. exilis. | BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 331 
a scorpioid floriferous summit, from 7-10 to 20-30 cm. long, arising erect from 
their own spathes, then arched and scorpioid, respectively with 4-5 to 10-15 spike- 
lets on each side; these with an obvious secund arrangement and gradually decreasing 
in length from the base to the summit; secondary spathes cylindraceous or very 
slightly infundibuliform, hispid-scabrid, almost horizontally truncate and ciliate at the 
mouth, slightly prolonged at one side into a short triangular. point; spikelets 
inserted above the mouth of their own spathes with a distinct axillary callus, recurved, 
scorpioid; the largest, the lowest, 3-6 cm, long. with 10-16 remote flowers, these 
arranged in two divergent series (not in one plane) and slightly pointing upwards; 
upper spikelets gradually smaller, those near the summit very few-flowered; spathels 
elongate-cylindraceous, similar to the secondary spathes but smaller; involucrophorum 
laterally inserted outside its own spathel at the base of the one above, with a distinct 
axillary callus next to the axis, subcalyciform, stalked by a more or less elongate 
(even 5 mm.) thick pedicel or neck; involucre slightly exceeding the involucrophorum, 
subdisciform or pateriform, slightly concave, subcircular or obsoletely trigonous; areola 
of the neuter flower. depressed, slightly tumescent. Female flowers ovoid-oblong, about 
4 mm. long, glabrous, very finely and obsoletely striately veined outside; the calyx 
with 3 short triangular acute teeth; the corolla divided about midway down into 3 
acute segments, -these narrower than the lobes of the calyx and barely longer than 
these; stamens forming an urceolum by their united bases, elongate and subulate 
in their free portion. Fruiting pertanth pedicelliform, campanulate. Fruit elongate- 
ellipsoid or ovoid-elliptic, suddenly narrowed at the summit into a short small conic 
beak, caudiculate at the base, very variable in size, 15-16 mm, long and 8 mm. 
broad, or longer and relatively narrower, in one specimen 22 mm. by 7 mm.; scales 
Squarrose or not very closely adpressed, in 14-16 series, longer than broad, shortly 
prolonged into a rather obtuse tip, almost flat, obsoletely channelled along the 
middle, opaque, yellowish-brown, with a narrow dark intramarginal line, the margins 
erosely toothed. Seed linear-oblong, acute at both ends, with the elongate chalazal 
fovea in the centre of the raphal side, from which radiate many deep narrow 
furrows or plicae which pass over both ends and sides of the seed and converge 
into the embryo which is in the centre of the opposite face; albumen horny, 
ruminated owing to the deep plicae mentioned above; these filled with & resinous 
yellowish-green very bitter stuff; embryo lateral in the centre of one of the faces. 
HanrrAT.— The Malayan Peninsula. The specimen upon which Griffith based 
his description was collected by E. Fernandez on the Gunong Ladang (Mt. Ophir) 
near Malacca. This fine species has been since then rediscovered by Sir George 
King’s collectors at Larut near Perak (Nos. 6245, 2734, 6245) at 250-300 m. 
elevation; at Ulu Bubong (No. 10259); also at Thaiping at 1,000-1,200 m. on 
Gunong Ijuk, Scortechini (No. 8457). 
Onservations.—Very distinct amongst the Malayan and Indian species, but closely 
related to the others of the group of C. ciliaris. It is distinguished by the very scabrid 
leaf-sheaths, by the very elongate and narrow ellipsoid fruit and by the rather large 
leaves with numerous equidistant linear-lanceolate leaflets, Very variable in general 
dimensions and in the more or less elongate fruit and in the hairiness of the leaflets, 
In the authentic specimen of Griffith the two faces cf the leaflets appear at first 
Ann. Roy. Bor. Garp Oatourns, Vor. XI. 
