C. heteracanthus.] . BECCARL MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 345 
OBSERVATIONS.—This bears a great resemblance to C. spectabilis and to the smaller 
forms of C. tomentosus in the size and shape of the leaflets, but the petiole is 
elongate and flat above in OC. Bousigonit while it is roundish in C. tomentosus and 
almost wanting in C. specíabilis. The leaf-sheaths are also very differently armed 
in the 3 species mentioned. Probably noteworthy differences also exist in the repro- 
ductive organs were these completely known in all the species of this group which 
is very characteristic by its leaflets resembling those of some species of Korthalsia 
and by the radiate disposition of their numerous primary nerves of which only one 
attains the summit and the others become evanescent on the margins at different 
levels. 
Prare 139.—Calamus Bousigonii Pierre, Summit of the plant with an entire leaf; 
the base of a fruit-spadix and a flagellum, an intermediate portion of a sheathed stem 
(on the right-hand side); portion of the scaly pericarp of a fruit; seed from dorsal 
and raphal side and in longitudinal section .—From Pierre’s specimens in Herb. Becc. 
117. CALAMUS HETERACANTHUS Zipp. in Bijdr. Nat, Weten. v, 178; Macklot in 
Bull Se. Nat. xxiv, 67; Bl. Rumphia iii, 56; Miq. De Palm. 29; 
H. Wendl. in Kerch. Les Palm. 236; Becc. Malesia i, 87 and in 
Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. 210. 
Daemoncrops heteracanthus Bl. 1l. c. pl. 189; Walp. Ann. iti, 48 and v, 
829; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii, 101; Becc. Malesia i, 87, 96. 
DescripTion.—Scandent,  Unsheathed canes 10-15 mm. in diam. (Blume) Leaf- 
sheaths flagelliferous (Blume), woody, gibbous above, stamped with the impressions left 
by the spines during the praefoliation; the spines themselves 12-20 mm. long, 
scattered or confluent and transversally seriate, spreading, pale-fuscescent, intermixed 
with confluent pectinate criniform prickles (Blume). crea densely aculeate. Leaves 
rather large, cirriferous; petiole . . . . .; rachis in the intermediate and upper 
portion slightly convex and at not very regular intervals (15-25 mm.) armed beneath 
with rather stout solitary or ternate claws, obtusely and asymmetrically bifaced above; 
leaflets not very numerous, patent, pointing in different directions, with a distinct 
axillary callus at their insertion, approximate on each side, into often opposite pairs, 
these remote, with vacant spaces 16-18 cm. long, green and shining on both surfaces, 
papyraceous, rather firm, narrowly oblong-spathulate, 21-25 cm. long, 4:5-6 cm. broad, 
conspicuously concavo-convex or cochleariform, gradually tapering towards the base, 
this acute, suddenly contracted at the summit into a short acuminate tip which is 
furnished with a few black bristles at the top and at the margins longitudinally 
plicate chiefly near the base, provided with 5 primary nerves or costae, all reaching 
the summit, less prominent beneath and completely naked on both surfaces; transverse 
veinlets very sharp, numerous, approximate, subparallel and continuous, almost equally 
prominent on both surfaces; margins quite smooth, the lower one of the upper surface 
bordered with a narrow polished band. Male spadiz ultradecompound, 1-13 m. long 
(Blume); partial inflorescences ascendent loosely panicled, narrowly pyramidate; the 
one seen by me is 30 cm. long and bears 4-5 gradually diminishing branchlets 
on each side; primary spathes . . . . +; secondary spathes loosely sheathing 
the slightly sinuous main-axis rigid, tubular-infundibuliform, membranous, exsuccous, 
Ann. Roy, Bor. Garp. CarccrrA Vor. XI. 
