Q. Seipionum.] BECCARI  MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 375 
solitary very small claws; the  spathels are very short and approximate with a 
deflexed point, the flowers being very crowded; involucrophorum quite sessile; 
involucre irregularly lobulate-crenate; fruiting perianth with very short depressed 
ventricose calyx; fruit scales very dark coioured; the leaf accompanying the above- 
mentioned inflorescence is very robust; the sheath is 6 cm. in diam., the petiole 
short (10 cm.) prickly at the margins, but not beneath; the largest leaflets relatively 
short and broad (40 cm. long by 5-5'5 em.) with five costae, sometimes all, but 
usualy 3 only setose. \ 
II. The specimen from Billiton resembles much those of the Malayan Peninsula 
but the secondary spathes are rather densely aculeate all round; the spathels shortly 
cyathiform ; the involucrophorum quite sessile, and the involucre 2-%-lobed, the 
lobes acute; the calyx, as in Malacca specimens, depressed ventricose. 
III. The specimens cultivated at Buitenzorg and coming from the west coast 
of Borneo agree pretty well with those of Malacca, but the fruiting  perianth 
has a very short tube, which is not depressed-ventricose; the leaves have a 
moderately long petiole, which is armed at the margins only; the secondary spathes 
are unarmed or furnished with a few small claws; spathels short; involucrophorum 
sessile; involucre with uneven margin, lobulate or denticulate. 
IV. Another cultivated specimen from Buitenzorg without any notice about its 
origin is very robust, with leaf-sheaths 6 cm. in diam.; petiole 25 cm. long, 
strongly armed at the sides with often geminate spines, and furthermore with 
strong solitary claws along the middle beneath; leaflets more closely set and more 
numerous than usual (about 60 in all), of which many with 5 setose nerves above; 
secondary spathes unarmed or very scarcely aculeate; fruiting perianth truncate at 
the base, with very short not ventricose calyx. The fruit as described above, 
V. Other specimens cultivated at Buitenzorg with the No. 3784 have the leaves 
as in those coming from the Malayan Peninsula, but the petiole is very long 
(as much as 40 cm.), armed at the sides, unarmed below along the middle in the first 
portion and clawed only towards the summit. A female spadix with the fruit fallen 
away has the lowest partial inflorescences very large and some of the spikelets 
nearly 20 cm. long, and in some cases, in the lowest portion of the spikelet, the 
involucrophorum has a tendency to become pedicellate ; the spathels are also more 
elongate than in the above-described specimens and are tubular-infundibuliform, attain- 
ing up to 5 mm. in length. It seems that these last peculiarities are more apparent 
in the inflorescences of the upper portion of the spadix, where the involucrophorum 
with the involucre, more than elsewhere, protrudes from its own spathel. 
VI.. The specimen of the Kew Herbarium coliected by Low in Borneo has a 
leaf-sheath 3:5 cm. in diam. armed with few very broad solitary or sometimes more 
or less aggregate spines; the petiole bears a few long straight spines at the margins; 
the rachis is armed in, the mesial portion with strong solitary claws. The leaflets 
are alternate, 8 cm. apart at one side, reaching to 60 cm. in length and 5-6 cm. 
in breadth, with 5 meryes sparsely setose above, naked below. 
