C. Warburgii.) BECCABL MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 395 
Description.—Scandent, rather robust.  .Leaf-sheaíhs (in the small portion of one 
specimen seen by me) fugaciously grey-furfuraceous, unarmed on the back and at 
the sides and furnished on the ventral side of its upper part with weak, crowded, 
horizontal, brownish or greyish furfuraceous, laminar, pectinate spines, which are con- 
fluent by their base, subulate in their free portion, and 1 cm. long st most. 
Ocrea inconspicuous. Leaves very large, about 1:5 m. long in the pinniferous party. 
terminating in a long (l metre and more) robust cirrus; this strongly armed with 
not very large black-tipped highly connate claws; these usually are grouped in numbers. 
of six and form many very regularly arranged half-whorls, which are 3 cm. apart 
at first and gradually more approximate the nearer the summit, where they are 
almost in contact one with the other; petiole almost obsolete (15 mm. long); 
rachis in its basal portion 14-15 mm. broad, flattish and naked above with its. 
margin finely and acutely spinulous-serrate, slightly furrowed at the sides where are 
inserted the leaflets; higher up the rachis is flattish, also beneath and in section 
almost rectangular, towards the summit is acutely  bifaced above, and roundish 
beneath where at first armed with solitary and nearer the cirrus with 3-6 half. 
whorled claws; leaflets very numerous, pectinate or very regularly and very closely 
(15 mm. apart) set, the lower ones almost horizontal; the upper ones inserted at 
an angle of about 45°, all except those nearer the petiole, wihch are narrower and 
shorter, about of the same size, 20-26 cm. long, 18-22 mm, broad, very narrowly 
lanceolate, slightly narrowed to the base, where suddenly plicate without an axillary 
callus at their insertion, gradually acuminate into a slender laterally bristly-spinulous. 
tip, glabrous, subshining above, barely paler beneath, papyraceous,  rigidulous, 
3-costulate, the mid-costa acute aud scarcely spinulous above; the side-costae very 
slender, with a few brown bristles, chiefly neaver the summit; beneath the costae 
are slender, and that of the centre has more ard longer bristles than the side ones; 
transverse veinlets slender, much interrupted and anastomosing; the: margins, 
especially the lower one, somewhat thickened by a nerve, finely and  adpressedly 
spinulous. Male spadiz . . . . . Female spadir rather large (not seen entire by 
me) with a rigid and straight axis and numerous distichous rather approximate partial 
inflorescences; primary  spathes short, almost all of equal size and shape, the 
larger ones, the lowest, 7-8 cm. long, papyraceous, brown, exsuccous, marcescent, 
tubular, somewhat flattened, almost horizontally truncate and entire at the mouth, 
prolonged at one side into a short triangular acute point, unarmed or slightly 
tubercled-spinulous ; the peduncular part of the spadix stout, 2 cm. broad, quite 
flat on the inner side, convex and densely tubercled-spinulous on the back; partial 
inflorescences arising erect from their respective spathe and then more or less 
spreading, inserted inside to the bottom of their respective spathe through a long 
flattened pedicel, 30-45 cm. long, with 10-12 spikelets on each side; secondary 
spathels tubular-infundibuliform, unarmed, polished, exsuccous and decayed in their 
upper part, which remains obviously distinct from the living one, more or less ob- 
liquely truncate, entire and naked at the mouth, prolonged at one side into a short 
broad triangular point; spikelets somewhat flattened, erecto-patent, inserted inside 
to the bottom of their respective spathe through a slender flattened pedicel; the 
larger ones, the lowest, 6-7 cm. long, with about 20 flowers on each side ; spathels 
broadly asymmetrically infundibuliform, striately veined outside, horizontally trun- 
eate and naked at the mouth, apiculate at one side; involucrophorum inserted at the 
i f 
Ann. Roy. Bor. Garp, Carcurra Vor. XI. 
