i 
"HE formosanus.) BECCARI MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS, 399 
interposed; the leaflets elongate-lanceolate or oblanceolate, narrowed a good deal to 
the base, subulately acuminate from their upper third part, thinly papyraceous, flat 
(not plano-convex), rather firm, opaque, subconcolorous, with rather slender and on 
both surfaces naked costae; transverse veinlets very sharp, approximate, much inter- 
rupted; margins rather closely spinulose.serrate ; the largest leaflets, those from about 
the middle, 25-30 cm. long, 3-3:5 em. broad, the lower and upper ones somewhat 
smaller. Male spadiz ultradecompound, diffuse, not flagelliform terminating in a small 
sheathed aculeolate tail-like appendix ; primary spathes (the first not seen) elongate- 
tubular, closely sheathing, narrowed to the base where flat on the inner and convex 
on the outer side, with very acute margins, aculeolate on the back in their upper 
part, truncate, entire and prolonged into a short point at one side at the mouth; 
partial inflorescences inserted near or a little above the mouth of their own spathe, 
spreading and somewhat callous in the axilla at their insertion; the lower ones 
branched or with a few compound spikelets on each side in their lower part, the 
upper ones 10-12 cm. long, with 5-6 simple spikelets on each side; secondary 
spathes tubular-infundibuliform, almost polished or indistinctly striately veined, glab- 
rous, unarmed or sometimes sparingly spinulous, obliquely truncate and ciliolate at 
the mouth and prolonged at one side into a short point; spikelets arched, spreading 
or slightly recurved, inserted just at the mouth of their own spathe, flattened, 2-3 
cm. long and relatively broad, with 8-10 flatly bifarious very approximate flowers 
on each side, these inserted at an angle of about 45°; spathels bracteiform, concave, 
broadly ovate, prolonged at one side into an acute point which is longer than the 
involucrophorum and subtend their respective flowers, striately veined, scaly-ciliolate ; 
involucre dimidiately cupular or like a swallows nest, very obliquely truncate, 
shorter than its spathes, laterally attached to the base of the one above, ciliolate flat 
and acutely two-keeled and acutely bidentate, and lunately excavate on the side next 
to the axis. Male flowers 5-6 mm. long, ovoid-oblong; the calyx membranous, 
tubular-campanulate, finely striately veined, with 3 triangular acute teeth; the 
segments of the corolla lanceolate, acute, one-fourth longer than the calyx; filaments 
of the stamens united at the base, subulate, inflected at the apex in bud; anthers 
lanceolate-acuminate, the cells deeply disjunct; rudimentary ovary formed by 3 small 
subulate bodies—a good deal shorter and more slender than the filaments. 
Hasrrat.—In the northern part of Formosa at Kelung, gathered by Mr. Richard 
Oldham in 1864 (a specimen of only a leaf in Herb, Kew). Furthermore I have 
considered as belonging to this species a male spadix preserved in the Herb. at Kew 
and collected by Swinhoe also in Formosa. Here also apparently belongs a specimen 
which I have seen in the Berlin Herbarium of the terminal portion of a young 
female spadix with spikelets just projecting from the secondary spathes and also 
collected by Warburg at Taipefu in North Formosa in January 1838. 
OxseRvaTions.—The female spadix in the Berlin Herbarium terminates in a short 
flattened aculeolate tail-like appendix; the primary spathes are elongate-infundbuli. 
form, narrowing a good deal towards the base, rather densely aculeolate in their 
upper part; the partial inflorescences are inserted at the mouth of their respective 
spathes; the secondary spathes are tubular-infundibuliform with a straggling prickle 
on their back above; the spathels are broadly infundibuliform, much narrowed 
