C. spinifolius.] BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 411 
erect, attached towards the summit of the sheath, more or less covered in every 
part with small adpressed rusty-furfuraceous scales, shorter than the leaves, in one 
‘specimen about 60 cm. long with S partial inflorescences and terminating with 
a very short aculeolate taillike appendix; primary spathes tubular, slightly enlarged 
above, elosely sheathing, narrow, plano-convex and unarmed at the base, somewhat 
flattened and keeled externally in their upper part, where armed with. a few 
horizontal straight spinules, obliquely truncate, entire and ciliate-paleaceous at the 
mouth and prolonged at one side into a triangular acute point; the first somewhat 
larger and longer than the others with the edges acute and armed with small 
acicular dark  spinules; partial inflorescences inserted about the mouth of their 
respective spathe, spreading, strict, slender; the lower ones, the largest, about 15 em, 
long, with 4—5 spikelets on each side, the upper ones somewhat shorter; secondary 
spathes tubular-infundibuliform, unarmed, prolonged at the summit into a triangular 
acute erect point; spikelets small, brittle, erect (not spreadivg), attached at the 
mouth of their respective spathes; the lower ones, the largest, 2-2:5 cm. long, with 
14-15 flatly bifarious flowers on each side; spathels very approximate, concave, 
subcymbiform, rusty-furfuraceous, ciliate, with a broad rather obtuse point, which 
subtends and embruces the base of the flowers; involucre concave, subcupular, included 
in the spathes, ‘Male flowers oblong, obtuse, 3 mm. long; the calyx cupular, shortly 
and broadly 3-toothed ; the corolla 3 times as long as the calyx and even more, 
its segments oblong, polished outside. Female spadiz . . . 
Hasrrar,— Philippines ; in Arayat, Central Luzon, A. Loher No. 1378, xu, 1893, 
male specimen in Herb. Kew. ‘The sterile specimen upon which the species was 
founded was collected by Vidal at Igbaras in the province of Ilo-ilo, Island of 
Panay (No. 3954 in Herb. Becc. and Kew). 
OBSERVATIONS.—Loher’s specimen is of the upper part of an adult plant with 
a flowering male spadix, but the species was first based only on specimens of 
leaves of which I subjoin the description. I think, however, that little or no doubt 
remains about the conspecificy of the leaves with the fertile specimen described 
above on account of the peculiar spinules which arise from the main costae of the 
leaflets, though these spines be more numerous or larger in the radical than in 
the cauline leaflets. The radical leaves terminate in 2 leaflets, as usual in the 
species of the group to which C. spinifolius belongs (that of C. palustris); while the 
upper leaves are cirriferous at their summit; the rachis is armed beneath along 
the middle with a few scattered, slender, pale, almost straight spines, which become 
slightly hooked upwards; leaflets few (19 in the two leaves examined by me), 
inequidistant, approximate by twos on each side, 10-12 cm. long and 2°5-3°5 em. 
broad, all about the same size, the lower ones narrower than the others, the 
two of the terminal pair shortly connate at the base, spoon-shaped or deeply 
concave beneath, oblong, oblanceolate or subobovate, gradually narrowed towards the 
-base, rather suddenly acuminate into a bristly-spinous apex, glabrous, green (when 
dry), subconcolorovs on both surfaces, with 5 acute costae, all running from the 
‘base to the extreme apex, each costa provided in the upper surface, especially near 
the base, with 2-4 needle-like, straight rigid pale black-tipped spines, 4-8 mm. long; 
in the lower surface the costae are less prominent and quite smooth; secondary 
Axx. Roy. Bor, Garp. CarcurrA Vor, XI. 
