€. simplex.) BECCARI MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 499 
bifarious flowers on each side; spathels infundibuliform, truncate, entire at the mouth, 
shortly apiculate at one side, more or less sprinkled with tobacco-brown scales; 
involucre cupular, rather deep, laterally attached at the base of the spathel above its 
own, anticously truncate. Female spadix very simple, a good deal like the male one, 
but shorter, with only 2-3 spikelets on each side, shorter than the leaves (40-50 cm. 
long) more or less covered with a rusty-furfuraceous indumentum, erect, quite 
unarmed, or nearly so, terminating in a small flattened taillike smooth or sparingly 
spinulous appendix; primary spathes as in the male spadix, 4-6 cm. long in the 
somewhat flattened sheathing part, suddenly narrowed at the base into a flattened and 
unarmed axial portion; the first longer than the others, more elongate and more 
flattened and two-edged in the basal part; the edges smooth or sparingly spinulous; 
spikelets inserted just outside the mouth of their own spathe, rather thick, spreading, 
arched, slightly callous at the axilla; the larger ones, the lowest, 6-7 cm. long with 
few (5-6) flowers on each side; the two series not exactly in one plane but slightly 
assurgent; spathels infundibuliform, truncate, somewhat irregular by the pressure of 
the flowers, acute at one side; involucrophorum very short, subcupular, laterally attached 
to the base of the spathel above its own and subtended by this with a distinct 
axillary callus next to the axis; involucre cupular, short, almost entire; barely 
exceeding the involucrophorum; areola of the neuter flower depressedly lunate, 
somewhat irregular and tumescent. fruiting perianth pedicelliform, rather thick and 
very short or somewhat depressed; the calyx callous at the base, divided to about 
midway down into 8 large ovate lobes; the segments of the corolla smaller and as 
long as the calyx. Fruit large, about 8 cm. long and 2 cm. broad, globose-ovoid, 
broadly and equally rounded at both ends, with a short caudiculum at the base and 
suddenly topped by a conic, about 3 mm. long, mucro; scales in 24 series, flattish, 
slightly channelled along the middle, yellowish-byown near their base, darkening 
towards the point, with a narrow, almost black, marginal line, their margins finely 
erosely-toothed, the point short, usually rather obtuse, not very adpressed. Seed 
globular, about 15 mm. in diam., covered by a very adherent crustaceous integument, 
minutely pitted and finely tubercled on the surface; the chalazal fovea inconspicuous, 
circular, very small, situated near the summit of the ccm side; albumen very deeply 
ruminate; embryo almost basal. 
HanrrAT.— fhe Malayan Peninsula in the district of Perak on Gunong Tambang 
Batak, elev. about Sei m., collected by the Rev. Father Scortechini (No. 432" in 
Herb. Beec.) 
OBSERYATIONS.—À very distinct species by its d and 9 very simple similar spadices; 
the leaves with few very large leaflets, and the very large, globular fruit, in this 
last detail being only second to C. erectus. The male specimen has a more slender 
stem and smaller leaflets than the female one. It appears related to C. cæsius 
and C. optimus, 
PrArE 190.—Calamus simplex Beec. Portion of a sheathed stem with an entire 
fruit-spadix and the base of a leaf; the summit of a leaf; mature fruit; seed, 
entire and longitudinally cut through the embryo.—From Scortechini’s type specimen 
in Herb. Becc. 
