456 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. [C. unifarius* 
branched spadix with very small fruits. It shows remarkable affinities with the 
species of the group of C. siphonospathus, but the spathes are narrow and. closely 
sheathing. Its nearer ally however is C. microsphaerion. 
Prate 205.—Calamus ramulosus  Zecc.— Portion of a sheathed stem with the 
base of a leaf and an entire female spadix with very few flowers remaining upon 
it; branchlet with immature fruit (in the upper part of the plate); an inter- 
mediate portion of a leaf; the cirriferous summit of a leaf.—From  Merrill's 
No. 2070 in Herb. Berol. 
176. Carawus unirarius, H. Wendl. in Bot. Zeit. xvii (1859), 158; Miq. Fl 
Ind., Bat, iii, 749 and De Palmis, 28; Bece. in Rec, Bot. Surv. 
Ind. ii, 2123. 
Calamus spp., Nos. 9 and 14, Zoll. Syst. Verzeichn. 79. 
DzscRrPTION.—Seandent and robust. ^ Sheathed stem 3-3°5 cm. in diam. Leaf- 
sheaths strongly gibbous above, obliquely truncate at the mouth, armed with very 
narrow, acicular, 1-3 ecm. long, pale-brown or schistaceous, scattered, rather 
numerous, horizontal spines, which rest on a bulbous base and leave a distinct 
impression of their outline on the surface above them; these impressions are glabrous, 
while the spaces between them are thinly rusty-furfuraceous in the newly 
expanded leaves, later the entire surface is glabrous. Ocrea very shortly liguliform. 
Leaves large; those of the upper part of the adult plant cirriferous, 1-7 m. long in 
the pinniferous part; the cirrus armed very closely near the summit with black-tipped 
scattered or confluent, but not regularly half-whorled claws; petiole almost obsolete; 
rachis glabrous, in the first portion depressedly sub-biconvex, covered above with 
small, erect, short, scattered prickles, armed at the margins and sometimes also 
beneath along the middle with a few straight spines, which gradually pass higher 
up into claws, these solitary at first and then more or less confluent but not digitate 
or half-whorled, bifaced and smooth on the salient angle towards the summit in the 
upper surface; leaflets not very numerous, 15-20 on each side, the lower ones usually 
opposite, the others alternate, subequidistant and remote, 6-10 em. apart and the 
terminal ones still more remote, lanceolate or  lanceolate-ensiform ; almost equally 
tapering towards both ends, acute at the base, acuminate at the summit into a bristly- 
spinulous tip, papyraceous, firm, plicate many-nerved, not or slightly concavo-convex, 
eubconcolorous on both surfaces and green though dry, with 5 or even 7 slender 
costae which are slightly prominent in the upper surface, and naked on both 
surfaces except that of the centre above, which sometimes is sparingly bristly- 
spinulous near the summit and is furnished with 1-2 rigid spinules near its base; 
transverse veinlets very numerous, approximate, very minute; margins closely and 
adpressedly spinulous; the lower margin on the upper surface often bordered with a 
shining band; the largest l.aflets, those a little above the base, 30-50 om. long, 
4-7 cm. broad; the upper ones gradually smaller; the two otf the lowermost pair 
also small, spreading and slightly callous at their insertion. Male spadiz ultra-decom- 
pound, elongate, 1 m.—1:5 m. or even 1°8 m. long, with 7-8 and in very vigorous 
specimens 10-11 partial inflorescences terminating in a slender, aculeolute, 10-20 cm. 
