C. unifarius] BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS, 457 
long, flagelliform appendix; primary spathes fugaciously rusty-furfuraceous, thinly 
coriaceous, tubular, closely sheathing, entire, the first and in lesser degree the next 
one somewhat flattened and two-edged, the others more elongate, cylindraceous, slight- 
ly enlarged. above, obliquely truncate at the mouth and prolonged at one side into a 
short triangular dorsally keeled and aculeolate point, more or less sprinkled, especially 
in the upper portion, with short straight horizontal or deflexed prickles; partial 
inflorescences inserted at or a little above the mouth of their own spathe, panicled 
pyramidate, the lower ones the largest, 20 cm., with numerous (10-12) distichous 
branchlets at their base and many simple gradually smaller spikelets upwards; 
upper inflorescences gradually decreasing in length and number of branchlets and 
spikelets; the largest branchlets 5-6 cm. long, with 7-8 spikelets on each side, 
branchlets and spikelets inserted outside, and sometimes far above, the mouth of 
their own spathe with a distinct axillary callus; secondary and tertiary spathes tubular- 
infundibuliform,  papyraceous, unarmed, glabrous, finely  striately veined, truncate, 
naked, entire and scarious at the mouth, shortly apiculate at one side; spikelets 
very slender, arched and deflexed, their axis filiform, 6-!2 mm. long, with 5-10 
distichous flowers on each side; spatbels small, shortly tubular at the base and suddenly 
expanded into a bracteiform, ovate, acute, strongly deflexed limb; involucre exserted 
from its own spathel and laterally attached at the base of the one above, calyculi- 
form, subtending and not enveloping its flower, very slightly concave, strongly veined 
more cr less acutely 3-dentate. Male flowers ovoid, rather obtuse, 3-mm. long, entirely 
exsert from the involucre or with their base not immersed in this; the calyx shortly 
campanulate, striately veined, divided midway down into 3 very broad acute teeth; 
the corolla twice as long as the calyx, its segments opaque, striate outside. Female 
spadiz simply decompound, otherwise similar to the male one; the largest partial 
inflorescences the lower ones, 15-30 em. long, about 20 cm. apart, with 10-15 
spikelets on each side; the upper ones much shorter, with 3—5 spikelets only on 
each side, inserted just at the mouth of their own spathe, spreading, rather dense, 
paniculate-pyramidate, their axis cylindraceous, rigid, slightly sinuous and gradually 
narrowing towards the summit; secondary spathes tubular, slightly enlarged above, 
horizontally truncate, entire and naked at the mouth, striately veined, not or very 
slightly apiculate at one side; spikelets slightly arched, horizontally inserted above the 
mouth of their own spathe with a distinct axillary callus, their axis rigid, slender, 
cylindraceous and slightly narrowed towards the summit; the lower ones, the largest, 
5-8 cm, long with 15-20 bifarious flowers on each side; spathels cylindraceous at 
the base suddenly expanded into a short truncate entire naked and not laterally 
prolonged limb; involucrophorum very short, explanate, irregularly discoid, sessile and 
horizontally attached outside its own spathe] about midway up the one above and, 
more or less distinctly callous at its axilla; involucre also explanate, irregularly discoid ; 
areola of the neuter flower linear, depressed with a tumescent scar in the centre 
Female flowers flatly bifarious, horizontal, small, about 3 mm. long; the calyx with a 
flat base, campanulate, not or indistinctly striately veined, divided midway down 
into 3 very broad mucronulate lobes; corolla very slightly larger than the calyx, its 
segments acute, opaque outside. Fruiiing perianth not accrescent, distinctly pedicelli- 
form. Fruit globose or very slightly longer than broad, 1 cm. iu diam., topped by 
a very short mucro with the remains of the very small stigmas; scales slightly 
Ayn. Roy. Bor, Garp, Carcurta Vor. AL 
