€. Hollrungii) BRCCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 463 
distinctly callous beneath in the sinus formed by the backward folding of the 
blade at its insertion, tip rigid with spreading subspiny bristles at the sides, plicate 
many-nerved, with 5 acute and strong costae and other minor but distinct secondary 
nerves, all naked on both surfaces, except on the mid-costa above near the base, 
where a few rigid spinules occasionally occur; transverse veinlets fine, numerous 
and continuous; margins rather spreadingly spinulous from the middle upwards, the 
lower one in the upper surface bordered with a narrow polished band. Male spadiz 
.. +. + Female spadiz elongate, rather large, decompoand, with many partial inflor- 
escences; upper primary Sspathes elongate, tubular-cylindraceous, closely sheathing 
very thinly and fugaciously rusty-furfuraceous, thinly coriaceous, finely and indis- 
tinctly longitudinally striate, quite unarmed, obliquely truncate, entire and naked at 
the mouth, where slightly prolonged at one side into a short triangular erect point; 
very suddenly narrowed at the base into a robust obsoletely angular unarmed axial 
portion; partial inflorescences strongly arched, their axes robust at the base, gradually 
narrowing towards the summit; the largest seen by me 40 cm. long with about 15 
spikelets on each side; the upper ones much smaller; secondary spathes tubular- 
infundibuliform, rather loosely sheathing, gradually smaller from the base towards the 
summit of the axis, horizontally truncate, entire and naked at the mouth, very 
shortly apiculate at one side, unarmed; spikelets horizontaily attached above the 
mouth of their own spathe with a distinct axillary callus, elongate, slightly sinuous, 
their axis cylindraceous, narrow, rigid, subulate; the lower ones, the largest, 10-12 cm. 
long with 20-25 flowers on each side; the upper ones shorter with half that number 
of flowers; spathels slightly infundipuliform, horizontally truncate and entire at the 
mouth, very shortly apiculate at one side; involucrophorum orbicular, discoid, shortly 
stalked or with a more or less distinct neck, laterally inserted outside its own 
spathel at the base of the one above; involucre discoid, orbicular, almost explanate; 
areola of the neuter flower very depressed, linear. Female flowers very small, about 
3 mm. long, horizontally inserted. Fruiting perianth shortly but distinctly pedicelliform; 
the calyx depressedly ventricose, flat at the base, its teeth broadly triangular; the 
segments of the corolla as long as the calyx and almost as broad as its teeth. 
Fruit (when very young) subsphaeric-pisiform, very indistinctly apiculate; the very 
small stigmas sessile; scales small in 15 series, shining, of a dirty straw-colour 
the margins scarious, erosely toothed, tip not very adpressed. 
Hasrrat.—German New Guinea at Augusta station, Hollrung No. 667 in Herb. 
Berol. and Beccari. 
OssERvATIONS.— Very . closely related to C. pisicarpus and C. aruensis, but at 
once distinguishable by the  leaf-rachis covered in its upper surface with numerous 
erect straight spinules. 
' The type-specimen has an intermediate portion of a female spadix with very 
young fruit, 1:2 m. long, but to this specimen and with the same number were 
joined a few mature fruits which apparently belong to the same species. They are 
very broadly ovoid, rounded at both ends, indistinctly apiculate, 12 mm. long, 9 
mm, broad, the scales in 15 series, shining, slightly channelled along the middle, 
straw-coloured with a reddish-brown intramarginal line, this somewhat extended 
towards the apex, which is triangular and not very adpressed, margins narrowly 
