468 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA, (C. melanoloma 
flowers (or pairs of female flowers) on each side; the upper ones somewhat 
shorter;  spathels tubular-infundibuliform, somewhat narrowed towards the base, 
unarmed, scaly-furfuraceous, horizontally truncate and entire at the mouth, slightly 
prolonged at one side into a short striately veined point; involucrophorum  exsert 
from its own spathel and laterally attached at the base of the one above, short, 
cupular, two-keeled, bidentate and lunately excavate on the margin on the side 
next to the axis; involucres (when the flowers are two at each spathel, as it is usual 
in this species) geminate, equal, shallowly cupular, each slightly lunately excavate on 
the inner side, where they are in contact and where sometimes occurs a small 
intermediate cavity with a central scar, apparentiy the insertion of a neuter flower; 
when only one involucre occurs at each spathel, it has externally a very large lunate 
sharply bordered areola. Female flowers usually geminate at each spathel, about 5 
mm, long, narrowly ovate; the calyx tubular, slightly ventricose, with 3 short trian- 
gular, acute teeth; segments of the corolla acute, narrower than the teeth of the 
calyx and barely longer than these. Fruiting perianth very distinctly pedicelliform, 
cylindraceous, 3'5—4 mm, thick, the calyx hardened, not striately veined, scaly-furfu- 
raceous. Fruit subglobose-obovoid and sometimes subturbinate or slightly tapering 
towards the base, rounded above where very suddenly topped by a 2 mm. long 
cylindric beak, caudiculate at the base, 17-18 mm. long, including the beak and 
the caudiculum, and 12-14 mm. broad; scales in 13 series, straw-coloured, shining, 
strongly convex, channelled along the middle, with an obtuse tip, bordered all round 
with a very dark line, the margin erosely toothed, Seed globular, 8-9 mm. in diam., 
covered by the very adherent integument, superficially pitted and tubercled; albumen 
deeply and rather finely ruminate; chalazal fovea indistinct; embryo placed slightly 
above the base. 
Hasrrat.—North Celebes; at Bojong in the Province of Minahassa, Warburg in 
Herb. Berol. 
OBSERVATIONS.— Very closely related to C. pachystachys from which it differs in the 
more diffuse spadix with larger more slender, nodding partial inflorescences; the leaflets 
much larger; the fruit with a eylindrie (not subconic) beak; the secondary spathes 
rather densely armed; the female flowers are usually geminate at each spathel and 
often but not always both fertile; on some spikelets, however, there is only a female 
flower accompanied by a sterile one. Another specimen of the summit of a leaf and 
of & portion of a flowering female spadix preserved in the Herbarium at Berlin and 
collected also by Warburg at Tjamba Manipa in South Celebes apparently belongs to 
C. didymocarpus; the leaf has the leaflets narrower than in the type-specimen, 17-18 
mm. broad and 33-34 em. long, 5 em. apart and subequidistantly set. This, like 
C. pachystachys, seems related to C. Vidalianus, but this has distinctly 3-costate bristly 
leaflets. | 
PLATE 218.—Calamus didymocarpus War». The summit of a leaf (under surface); 
an entire partial inflorescence; detached fruits; seed entire and longitudinally cut 
through the embryo,.—From Warburg's specimen in Herb. Berol. 
184, CALAMUS MELANOLOMA Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm,, iii 207, ‘first. edit.) and 209 
(2nd edit.) and 339, t. 116, f. ii; Kunth Enum. Pl. iii, 206; Walp. 
