€. Lobbianus] BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 483 
oe Wi ^n M M side, Very densely armed with long and short, 
i , g oured spines, Leaves 18-2 m. long, non-cirriferous ; 
petiole very long, flattish and smooth above, rounded beneath, where smooth alon ; 
the middle, armed at the margins with very unequal, short asd long spines ; th a 
last remote, horizontal, acicular, up to 3 em. long; rachis in its u sbi cul apt 
bifaced above and armed beneath along the middle with small s "4 per p $ eiy 
1 olitary and distant 
quonia loshali numerous, equidistant, 3-5 em. apart on each side, papyraceous, 
very conspicuously discolorous, green and opaque above, and clothed beneath with a 
adpressed white substance (as if they were thinly coated with lime), ensiform or 
lanceolate-ensiform, from below the middle attenuated towards the base, acuminate 
upwards to a filiform, 3-4 cm. long, bristly tip, not very distinctly 3-costulate, 
the mid-costa prominent and strong, the side-costae a good deal more slender and 
barely distinguishable from other secondary nerves: all naked above; beneath all 
nerves less distinct than above, and only the mid-costa sometimes bristly near the 
summit; transverse veinlets slender and indistinct beneath, being covered there by the 
chalky indumentum mentioned above; margins smooth, the lower one somewhat 
thickened and bordered with a very narrow shining band in the upper surface; tho 
largest leaflets seen by me (apparently the intermediate ones) 40 em. long, and 
2*0-3 em. broad; the upper ones shorter, but not narrower, with their apical 
caudiculum somewhat shorter and thicker than in the lower ones, and often with a 
distinct indentation at its base on the lower margin; the two uppermost the smallest, 
obtuse, somewhat unequal and free at the base. Male and female spadices conform, 
rusty-furfuraceous, interfoliar, erect or arising from the crown of the leaves, with 
only one or two approximate and dense partial inflorescences at the summit of a long 
peduncular part; this flat on the inner side, and slightly convex externally, about 5 
mm. broad, and gradually transformed into the largest and principal spathe; the 
spadix itself terminates in a caudate appendix—15-20 cm. long and formed by 
1-2 abortive prickly spathes. The main spathe is persistent, rigid, thinly coriaceous, 
fusiform or elongate-ventricose, open on the ventral side, gradually narrowed towards 
the summit into a rather long rostrum, and armed on the back with acicular unequal 
short or long (as much as 2 cm.) spreading or deflexed, solitary or subseriate spines; 
in one specimen a male spadix is 40 cm. long, including the peduncular part, has 
two partial inflorescences, of whieh the upper one smaller with a spathe similar to 
the first; larger male partial inflorescence very dense, pyramidate, about 8-10 em. 
long, with 10-12 very closely packed unilateral spikelets ; secondary spathes very 
short and approximate, bracteiform, concave, amplectent, cottony ; spikelets very, short 
and dense, decreasing in number of flowers from the base to the summit of the 
inflorescence: the lower ones, the largest, with 5-6 distichous very approximate flowers 
on each side: the uppermost reduced to 1-2 flowers; spathels very closely packed 
together, broadly ovate, acute, concave, bracteiform, embracing the involucre and the 
flower, finely striately veined, ciliate, and more or less cottony; involucre calyci- 
form, campanulate, finely striately veined, irregularly cleft or lobate. Male flowers 
large, about 1 cm. long, ovoid, roundish at the base, tapering upwards to a 
not very acute point; calyx thin in texture, finely striately veined outside, 
shortly 3-toothed ; corolla (in full-grown buds ) somewhat less than twice the length 
of the calyx, divided almost to the base into 3 lanceolate acute thinly P 
externally striate, and, at the summit; thickened segments; stamens wi 
Axx. Roy. Bor, Garp, Carcurra Vou, XI. 
