BOTANY OF LA SALLE COUNTY. 87 



sunflower or long 1 , narrow and flat, strap-shaped or 

 ligulatc. Heads made up of tubular florets are said 

 to be discoid, of ligulate florets radiate, part of one 

 part the other radiant. When the two occur in the 

 same head the lig-ulate are usually around the border 

 and are called rays, the tubular in the middle, called 

 the disc. The calyx is represented by hairs, bristles, 

 awns, scales and teeth crowning- the seed--ackene. 

 The leaves of the involucre are called scales. The 

 hairs etc., crowning 1 the seed is the pappus 



The florets of the dandelion are lig^ulate of the 

 thistle, E}upatorium and many others tubular, of the 

 Aster, Solidag-a or g-olden rod both kinds. 



The order is divided into 3 sub-families, viz: 

 Tubuliflorae. Florets tubular or disc tubular, 

 rays lig-ulate. 



lyio-uliflorae. Florets all lig^ulate. 

 Labiatiflorae. Florets mostly labiate. 

 VERNONIA. P. Iron Weed. Stems leafy, leaves 

 alternate, serrate, acuminate; heads small; flow- 

 ers P. Aug\ 2 to 6 ft. 



V. fasiculata, Leaves long 1 , narrow; scales ob- 

 tuse. 

 V. altissima. Tall; leaves broader, heads not 



crowded. 

 V. Novaeboracensis. Scales tipped with a short 



awn. 



EUPATORIUM. P. Toroug-hwort. Boneset. Heads 

 small; flowers W., bluish or P., leaves opposite, 

 J. Aug-. 



K. purpureum. Joe Pye Weed. Trumpet Weed. 

 Tall; leaves in whorls of 3 to 6; flowers Pi., P.; 

 2 to 12 ft. 



K, serotinum. Leaves ovate-lanceolate coarse- 

 serrate; W. 



