Chapter II 

 MOBILIZING FEDERAL RESOURCES 



The Federal Role 



In view of the diversity of broad economic, social, and political 

 goals that can be served by the sea, and the traditional role of the 

 Federal Government in promoting our national interest, the 1966 Act 

 anticipates that the Government will continue its past interest in 

 marine sciences. Federal leadership is necessary, for example, to 

 insure that marine science activities: 



— sustain a naval science and technology to meet national security 

 needs ; 



— support foreign policy objectives by fostering international agree- 

 ments, understanding and cooperation, and by supporting tech- 

 nical assistance to developing nations on the principle of self-help ; 



— enhance capabilities for describing and predicting the state of the 

 oceans and the weather and provide services to marine interests ; 



— explore and foster exploitation of fish, minerals, and energy re- 

 sources by mapping, by appropriate development of technological 

 capabilities, by formulation of means for public and private col- 

 laboration, and by encouragement of private investment ; 



— aid abatement and prevention of pollution and assist in the con- 

 servation and improved utilization of recreational, esthetic, and 

 economic resources of our sea coast and Great Lakes; 



— protect life and property at sea, and along the coast; 



— nourish basic knowledge and develop scientific facilities and 

 manpower. 



At the same time, the Government recognizes that the vitality of 

 our industrial organizations and the creativity of our scientists have 

 been major factors in our progress toward better understanding and 

 use of the seas. Indeed, the bulk of Federal funds devoted to marine 

 efforts has been expended through grants and contracts with private 

 industrial and academic organizations. The States have also become 

 increasingly involved in studying and preserving our coasts and in 

 insuring rational exploitation of coastal resources. 



With the broadening and deepening interest in marine activities — 

 national and international — the articulation of key Federal policies 



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