Page 



XIII. PARTNERSHIP WITH NON-FEDERAL INSTITUTIONS 159 



Industry 160 



State, Local, and Regional Interests 162 



Recent Financial Analyses 163 



Conclusion 163 



XIV. THE NATION AND THE SEA: QUESTIONS FOR THE FUTURE. 165 



FIGURES 



Fig. no. Page 



I. Marine Science cind Technology Dollar 19 



II. 1 United Nations Agencies 24 



III. 1 U.S. Market for Fishery Products 37 



III. 2 World Catch of Fish and Shellfish, Etc. by Leading Countries, 1956-1966.. 38 



III. 3 Phasing Chart for Food-from-the-Sea Demonstration Program 43 



IV. 1 Worldwide Drilling Activity in Offshore Areas as of June 1967 51 



IV. 2 Federal Marine Minerals Program 53 



V. 1 Federal Funding for Conservation and Recreation 64 



VI. 1 Federal Marine Science Funding for Ocean Transportation 79 



VI. 2 Coast Guard Cutter Hamilton 80 



VI. 3 A Port for Container Ships 82 



VI I . 1 Prototype of the ASR Submarine Rescue Vessel 94 



VI I . 2 Design Sketch of the Personnel Transfer Capsule ( PTC ) 95 



VIII. 1 Ocean Features Revealed in a Space Photograph 105 



X. 1 Funding for Oceanographic Research 131 



XI 1 . 1 Ranges of Applicability for Underwater Power Sources 152 



XII. 2 The Research Submersible Alvin 154 



TABLES 



Table no. Page 



1 . 1 Federal Agencies Having Marine Science Activities 9 



1 . 2 New Initiatives and Program Areas of Increased Emphasis Fiscal Year 1 969. . 1 6 



I. 3 Total Federal Marine Science Program by Major Purpose 20 



1 . 4 Total Federal Program by Department and Agency 20 



IV. 1 Value of Mineral Production from Oceans Bordering the U.S. 1960-66.. 49 



IV. 2 Recent Marine Mining Activities 50 



VII. 1 Ships for U.S. Navy Oceanographic Program 97 



VIII. 1 Funding for Ocean Observation and Prediction 103 



VIII. 2 Ocean Exploration — M apping. Charting, and Geodesy 106 



IX. 1 Fiscal Year 1969 Budgets Marine Data Centers 115 



IX. 2 NODC Data File 116 



X. 1 Science and Technology for Attaining National Goals 122 



X. 2 Research Ship Operating Costs by Agency 133 



X. 3 Research by Agency (Excluding Ship Operating Costs) 134 



XI. 1 Oceanographic Degrees Granted 1960-67 140 



XI. 2 Employers and Professional Specialties of Oceanographic Personnel in the 



U.S., 1964 and 1967 141 



XL 3 Ocean Sciences Curricula 1962-1968 142 



XL 4 Institutions Offering Marine Sciences — Engineering Technicians Training 



1962-1967 143 



XI 



