Marine Science Affairs 



To perform these roles, the Navy must expand knowledge and under- 

 standing of the sea and its characteristics; provide the ability to examine 

 even the most remote depths of the sea; construct and improve ships, struc- 

 tures, and equipment which will perform in the marine environment; and 

 transport men and material quickly wherever they are needed. In other 

 words, the Navy seeks to have the capability and knowledge of the three- 

 dimensional marine environment — ^to operate as needed anywhere, in any 

 weather, and at any depth. 



The present strength of the Navy is measured by quality as much as 

 quantity — and, in this regard, the superior military characteristics of every 

 class of ship reflects successful integration of modern science and technology. 

 The Navy recognized this ingredient before World War II and de- 

 veloped thereafter a strong tie to the academic and industrial world both 

 to communicate Navy interests and to extract the best technology the 

 country offers. It is significant that well over half the Federal marine sciences 

 program is currently sponsored by the Navy. 



Knowledge gained from military programs is, to the extent permitted 

 by security considerations, made available in unclassified form for general 

 use. For example, the Navy's program in mapping, charting, and geodesy 

 produces data and charts for geodetics and world-wide shipping activity. 

 Its programs of ship design and materials development, the most compre- 

 hensive in the Nation, provide knowledge for private shipbuilding and Fed- 

 eral maritime agencies such as the Coast Guard, the Environmental Science 

 Services Administration, and the Maritime Administration. Navy develop- 

 ments in navigation, which range from submerged acoustic position-keeping 

 to locating position on the Earth's surface by means of satellites, have been 

 released for scientific and commercial use. The programs of the Advanced 

 Research Projects Agency, directed toward detection of submerged nuclear 

 explosions in any part of the world, provide knowledge of the Earth's crust 

 and energy transmission characteristics which specifically apply to earth- 

 quake studies and volcanology. 



The Fiscal Year 1969 Budget 



Funds proposed for the marine science components of the military pro- 

 grams for national security for FY 1969 amount to $150.1 million, about 

 34 percent of the total marine science budget.^ This represents an 1 1 percent 



^ All Navy programs are required for national security, but those that have non- 

 military uses as well are classified in the tables under other headings such as Research 

 and Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy to show the total Federal effort. 



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