The Nation and the Sea 



same key questions about both ends and means that were posed in the 

 earlier chapters as a basis for contemporary decisions : 



( 1 ) How may increased utiUzation of the sea contribute to world order 



and peace? 



(2) To what extent will world demand for resources require accel- 



erated recovery of the living and nonliving resources of the 

 sea, and how soon? How may marine resources contribute to 

 the economies of developed and especially to developing 

 nations? 



(3) To what extent and in what ways do U.S. naval forces, maritime 



shipping, domestic fisheries, and oceanic research and explora- 

 tion contribute to this Nation's broadest purposes and policies — 

 toward national security, toward creation of wealth, and toward 

 the economic and social well-being of all peoples? 



(4) What leadership role should the Federal Government play in the 



development of marine resources and in their conservation, 

 nationally and internationally? 



( 5 ) How may the Coastal Zone contribute best to our economic growth 



and to the joys of living? How can we develop rational plans 

 for the optimal use and conservation of the coastal environ- 

 ment and its resources, to control pollution and erosion, and to 

 choose among multiple and often conflicting uses through wise 

 cooperative management? 



(6) To what extent are future maritime developments dependent on 



intensified marine research, exploration, and engineering? What 

 are the priority areas for oceanographic research and explora- 

 tion? Who should undertake these activities and at what pace? 



( 7 ) What changes or innovations in national and international institu- 



tions and legal regimes are needed to foster public and private 

 investments? 



(8) What are the appropriate Federal, State, and local roles, and what 



is the optimum combination of public and private activities in 

 developing resources and in managing the marine environment? 



(9) How can we improve the present. Federal structure to assure 



requisite leadership, meaningful priorities, and effective partici- 

 pation with science and industry? 



These questions underlie the Nation's historical involvement in maritime 

 affairs. They have been asked — and answered — in different ways at different 

 stages of development of this Nation, and of the world itself. But yesterday's 

 answers do not satisfy tomorrow's emerging needs and opportunities. 



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