Marine Science Affairs 



quantitatively wherever possible, with selective projections of future growth. 

 These challenges as to more effective use of the sea are followed in subse- 

 quent chapters by details of the Federal Government's response in carrying 

 out the Marine Sciences Act. Because almost all maritime activities involve 

 more than a single agency, the remainder of the Report follows the pattern 

 of earlier years of delineating the Federal program by categories of purpose, 

 rather than by agency. 



The next six chapters describe Federal programs in marine sciences that 

 serve the following purposes : 



—expanding international cooperation and understanding; 



— enhancing benefits from the Coastal Zone; 



- — strengthening military programs for national security; 



— accelerating use of food from the sea; 



- — encouraging development of non-living resources; and 



— facilitating transport and trade. 

 Three chapters then follow devoted to special new programs or policies : 



— launching the International Decade of Ocean Exploration proposed 

 by the President ; 



— advancing the Sea Grant Program; and 



— formulating policies and programs for the Arctic. 

 Three chapters are then devoted to basic activities oriented to broad support 

 of a number of major purposes : 



— exploring the ocean environment ; 



— information management ; and 



— research, manpower, and engineering. 

 Each of these 12 chapters sets forth priority areas recommended by 

 the Council to the President. To place these special areas in perspective, the 

 Report also discusses ongoing efforts and associated funding for the Govern- 

 ment as a whole and recent accomplishments within Federal agencies re- 

 sponsible for marine science operations. Finally, each of the twelve chapters 

 discusses the activities of the Marine Sciences Council in setting government- 

 wide goals, identifying priorities, and clarifying agency responsibilities, 

 especially for programs crossing agency lines. 



The responsibility for developing a sense of unity and direction in marine 

 resources and engineering development involving numerous and varied mis- 

 sions, agencies, and institutional relationships was explicitly conferred on 

 the President by the Marine Sciences Act. Chapter XV describes the policy 

 planning and coordinating machinery that was provided by legislation to 

 advise and assist the President and the new lines of communication that 

 have been established between the Federal and non-Federal sectors. 



The Report concludes with a brief discussion of the unfinished business im- 

 mediately ahead in terms of unresolved policy issues. 



