emphasis on the following goals: Preserving the quality of the ocean environ- 

 ment, improving environmental forecasting, expanding seabed assessment 

 activities, developing an ocean monitoring system to facilitate prediction of 

 oceanographic and atmospheric conditions, and improving worldwide data 

 exchange. It is hoped that accelerated Decade planning will increase oppor- 

 tunities for international sharing of responsibilities and costs for ocean, 

 exploration, and will assure better use of limited exploration resources. 



5. Arctic environmental research. — Arctic research activities will be 

 intensified, both to permit fuller utilization of this rapidly developing area 

 and to insure that such activities do not degrade the Arctic environment. 



Funding for the implementation of these programs is provided in the 

 President's fiscal year 1971 budget. The programs are clearly related to 

 national goals and require priority attention. They reflect the appropriate 

 role of the Federal Government in providing information about the environ- 

 ment and in protecting the public interest, as for example with coastal 

 resources that are held in trust for U.S. citizens by the individual States. 

 They note the transition from the time when man had to protect himself 

 from a harsh environment to a new era when he must protect the environ- 

 ment from himself. They reflect a strong desire for other nations to join 

 in the exploration of the sea and to share in the cost of exploration as 

 well as in the benefits. 



The Federal Marine Sciences Budget 



Increases in the Federal marine sciences budget reflect the policy decisions 

 taken with the five-point program. Obligations for marine science, tech- 

 nology, and related activities in civilian agencies will increase by $42 

 million in fiscal year 1971 over fiscal year 1970 and $74 million over fiscal 

 year 1968, as indicated in table 1-2. The increase for civilian programs is 

 partially offset by reductions in Navy mapping and charting and deep 

 submergence programs. 



A major trend in the new and expanded programs in civilian agencies 

 involves observing, measuring, and understanding conditions and trends 

 in the marine environment and man's impact upon it ; this trend is reflected 

 in table 1-3 which presents the Federal marine sciences program by major 

 purpose. Increases are provided in the National Science Foundation for the 

 International Decade of Ocean Exploration, for expanding the ocean sedi- 

 ment coring program, for Arctic research, and for the national Sea Grant 

 Program — particularly to support coastal zone research. Funds are requested 

 for the Department of the Interior for the new coastal zone management 

 grant program and for the initiation of a lake restoration program. Increases 

 in the Department of Transportation will permit expansion of advanced 

 development of ocean data buoys for monitoring weather and sea conditions. 

 In the Department of Commerce, increases are provided in the Maritime 

 Administration for beginning a long-term program for reducing ship operat- 

 ing costs — a part of the administration's maritime program. 



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