Figure Xl-5 — Degrees Awarded in Marine Sciences 



for this. As indicated, the academic manpower pool has grown to meet most 

 current requirements due to the fruition of continuous Federal program 

 support to numerous institutions. The second factor is the very close re- 

 lationship of job opportunities to Federal funding in marine-related ac- 

 tivities. Currently funds for research, development technology and engineer- 

 ing in support of marine sciences and engineering are providing for limited 

 expansion above cost-of-living increases; this has had the effect of stabilizing 

 available job opportunities in the face of rising personnel availability in most 

 fields. 



Federal support of education in the marine sciences is carried on primarily 

 through the programs of the National Science Foundation, and the Depart- 

 ment of Health, Education, and Welfare's Office of Education; NSF support 

 ranges from secondary school student programs through the university under- 

 graduate and graduate levels. The Office of Education provides assistance 

 for trade and vocational education, college teacher fellowships, plus facilities 

 and equipment grants in support of marine science programs. In addition, 

 the Smithsonian Institution provides stipends for academic year and summer 

 research training, and a significant part of the research grants and contracts 

 of several other agencies with universities and research institutions is used to 



163 



