106 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 



study and investigation by the University. These remarks apply to 

 improvements not only in the technical processes of agriculture but in 

 the economic processes involved in farming. We must find improved 

 business methods for farming. The business side of farming, as has 

 been said here repeatedly, is capable of great improvement. This is true 

 not only of methods of marketing, which is a very popular subject of 

 discussion today, altho it is not the cure-all for agricultural ills that 

 many seem to think ; but it is also true of other phases of the business. 



In the third place, as I have already intimated, we may find it 

 profitable to diversify our agriculture still more in the way of in- 

 creasing those products which are in immediate demand for family 

 consumption in cities and industrial centers, which are bound to be- 

 come more numerous all over the state. It may be that in doing this 

 the average farm will have to become smaller and the owner will have 

 to devote himself to more lines of farming than many of our farmers 

 are accustomed to now. I have no doubt that in time the farms of 

 some of the states to the east of us, and perhaps in Illinois itself, will 

 become more nearly like those of certain parts of the Old World and 

 of the East, where population is dense, in the sense that each farm, so to 

 speak, a complex of a large group of agricultural operations. The 

 farmer raises a few cattle and hogs, various kinds of vegetables or 

 garden truck, fruits, a certain amount of milk and butter, and perhaps 

 a considerable amount of one or two of the grains. Under the con- 

 ditions in which he lives, and his closeness to a large population, he has 

 a surplus in each one of his products that he can sell at a profit. 



In the next place, we must learn to make a better use of our un- 

 tilled land. We shall undoubtedly find it profitable, if not necessary, 

 very soon to increase the number of our trees. The best way to do 

 this is for each farm to have its woodlands. Other land not under 

 cultivation and not lying fallow will undoubtedly be more largely 

 used for grazing purposes, even tho the use be temporary for particular 

 farmers. 



We must look forward, too, it seems to me, to an increase in our 

 horticultural agriculture. There is no good reason, so far as I can 

 see, why there should not be a great many small orchards as part of 

 the farms throughout the State, as well as a few large orchards. It 

 seems probable that such orchards can be made profitable to the farmer. 



Other auxiliary agricultural enterprises, such as bee culture and 

 poultry raising, will have to be more commonly engaged in. 



Still again, the dairy industry of the state needs development and 

 better organization. The demand for dairy products will grow as 



