SUMMARY. 



VOL. IL 



GEXERAL SCXXART OF TOE COSTEST5- 



A- Incitement* to the StT*dy of Xatvre. The image reflected by the ex- 

 ternal world on the imagination ?*ge 19-21 



I . Poetic Delineation of Natmre. The feeling entertained far natuuB 



according to difference of rimes and races p. 21-82 



II . landscape Painting. Graphical reprrjuentation of die phrsaog- 



nomj of vegetation p. 82-98 



III. Cultivation of Exotic Plant*. Contrasted apposition of vegeta- 

 ble forms .' p. 99^-105 



B. History of ike Pkytical Contemplation, of the Vntverte. Principal 

 momenta of the gradual development and extension of the idea of 



the Cosmos as one natural whole p. 106-118 



L The Mediterranean' tke ttarting-poast of the attempts at an ad- 

 vance toward the northeast (by the Argonauts), toward die sooth (to 

 OpMr), toward die west (by die Phoenicians and Cobras of Santos). 

 Simultaneous reference to die earliest civilization of die nations who 

 dwelt aroond the basin of the Mediterranean p. 119-153 



II. Campaign* of the Macedonian* nnder Alexander the Gnat. Fu- 

 sion of the East and West. Hellenism furtbeis die bleodinz of nations 

 from die Nile to die Euphrates, die Jaxartes and die Indus. Sudden 

 extension of die contemplation of die Universe by direct observations, 

 as well as by intercourse with anciently-civilized industrial nations 



p. 153-169 



III. Increased Contemplation, of tke Unimerse wnier Oe PtaUmie*. 

 Museum at Serapeam. Encyclopedic learning. Generalization of nat- 

 ural views regarding die earth and die regions of space. Increased 

 maritime trade toward the sooth ._ p. 170-179 



IV. Unirenal Dominion of Ac Roman*. Influence of a political 

 union on Cosmkal views. Advance of geography by means of inland 

 trade. The development of Christianity generates and feelers die feel- 

 ins of the unity of die human race p. 180199 



V. Irnptian of He Arabian Race*. Intellectual aptitude of this 

 branch of die Semitic races. Taste for die study of nature and its 

 forces. Medicine and chemistry. Extension of physical geography, 

 astronomy, and die maihamatic sciences generally p. 200-238 



VI. Period of Oceanic Discoveries. Opening of die western hemi- 

 sphere. America and die Pacific. The Scandinavians. Columbus. 

 Cabot, and Gauna ; CabriOo, Mendana, and Quires. The greatest 

 abundance of materials now presented itself to die western nations of 

 Europe for die establishment of physical geography. p. 2^3-301 



VII. Period of ike great Discoveries in tie Region* of Space. The 

 application of die telescope. Principal epochs in die hsstory of astron- 

 omy and mathematics, from Galileo and Kepler to Xewton and Leib 

 nitz p. 301-352 



A2 



