432 COSMOS. 



ruins of Old Riobamba. In the Tunguragua, besides the 



"These differences, as far as regards the relative richness in silica 

 of the ground mass (and the feldspar)," continues Charles Deville, 

 "will appear still more striking when it is considered that, in analyz- 

 ing a rock en masse, there are included in the analysis, along with the 

 basis properly so called, not only fragments of feldspar similar to those 

 which have been extracted, but even such minerals as amphibole, pyr- 

 oxene, and especially peridote, which are less rich in silica than the 

 feldspar. This excess of silica manifests itself sometimes by the pres- 

 ence of isolated grains of quartz, which M. Abich has detected in the 

 trachytes of the Drachenfels (Siebengebirge, near Bonn), and which I 

 have myself observed with some surprise in the trachytic dolerite of 

 Guadaloupe." 



"If," observes Gustav Rose, " we add to this remarkable synopsis of 

 the silicic acid contained in Cliimborazo the result of the latest anal- 

 ysis, that of Rammelsberg in May, 1854, we shall find that the result 

 obtained by Deville occupies exactly the mean between those of Abich 

 and Rammelsberg. Thus : 



Cldniborazo RocL: 



Silicic acid 65-09 Abich (specific gravity, 2'685) 



63- 19 Deville 



62-66 do. 



59-12 Rammelsberg (specific gravity, 2-806)." 



In the Echo du Parifiquc, of the 5th of January, 1857, published at 

 San Francisco, in California, an account is given of a French travel- 

 er, named M. Jules Remy, having succeeded, on the 3d of November, 

 1856, in company with an Englishman, Mr. Brencklay, in reaching the 

 summit of Cliimborazo, which was, "however, enveloped in a cloud, so 

 that we ascended without perceiving it." He observed, it is stated, the 

 boiling point of water at 171-5 F., with the temperature of the air at 

 31 0< 9 F. On calculating, upon these data, the height he had attained, 

 by a hypsometrical rule tested by him in repeated journeys in the Ha- 

 way Archipelago, he was astonished at the result brought out. He 

 found, in fact, that he was at an elevation of 21,467 feet; that is to 



