458 



INDEX. 



Kuen-liin, fire-springs of the, 409; 



chain visited by the brothers Schlagint- 



weit, 409. 



Kuopho on the magnetic needle, 52. 

 Kupffer on the frozen soil of Northern 



Asia, 50. 

 Kurile islands, active volcanoes of the, 



349. 



La Borarde, remarkable position of the vil- 

 lage of, 220. 



Lactacunga, repeated destruction of the 

 town of, 322 ; subterranean pumice quar- 

 ries of, 321, 44T. 



Ladrone islands, volcanoes of, 370. 



Lagoni of the Tuscan Maremma, 202. 



Lament deduces the law of the period of 

 alterations of declination, 83. 



Lancerote, destruction of the islands of, 

 218. 



Lava, recent, often perfectly similar to the 

 oldest formations of eruptive rock, 216 ; 

 important conclusion drawn therefrom, 

 216. 



Lava fields, various names for, 305. 



Lava streams rare in the volcanoes of the 

 Cordilleras of Quito, 263; discovered in 

 the eastern chain of the Andes, 279 ; also 

 in Java, 2SS; their essential character, 

 2S9; of Auvergne, 311; of .(Etna, 434; 

 of Hecla, 231; of Ternate, 357. 



Lazarus, St., Mount, volcano, 255. 



Lelantus, in Euboea, eruption at, 215. 



Lemnos, destruction of the mountain Mo- 

 sychlos in, 328. 



Letronne on earthquakes in Egypt, 171. 



Leucite, 435, 444. 



Limari, volcano of, 272. 



Linschoten, notices the volcanoes of Ja- 

 pan, 351. 



Lipara, the volcano, question of its iden- 

 tity, 243. 



Lipari, the ancient Meligunis, 243; lava 

 stream found in, 320. 



Llandeilo strata, volcanic fragments found 

 in the, 329. 



Llanquihue, volcano of, 274 



Log, ship's, introduction of the, an im- 

 portant era in navigation, 57. 



Lombok, volcano on the isle of, 357. 



Lucia, St., the volcano of, 3C5. 



Lunar-diurnal magnetic variation, 75. 



Liitke, Admiral, on the volcanoes of Kamt- 

 schatka, 341. 



Luzon, active volcano in, 232. 



Maars, in Germany, 221; in Auvcrgne, 227. 



Macas. See Sangay. 



M'Laughlin, Mount, its height, 389. 



Madagascar, volcanic indications in, SCO. 



Madeira, volcanic phenomena of, 330. 



Magnet, attraction, but not polarity of the, 

 known to the Greeks and Romans, 51 ; 

 variations of the, early known to the 

 Chinese, 53; variation charts, 55; ho- 

 rary periodical variations, 61. 



Magnetic disturbances, table of, 131. 



Magnetic equator, its position and change 

 of form, 101 ; Humboldt's determina- 

 tions, 102; Duperrey's observations, 103; 

 Elliot's, 104. 



the Magnetic intensity, 61 ; the knowledge of, 

 due toBorda, 62; inclination chart, 62. 



Magnetic needle, early known to the Chi- 

 nese, 52; its introduction to Europe. 

 54; declination, 55. 



Magnetic observatories, C3. 



Magnet'- storm?, 130. 



Magnet wagon, the, of the Chinese, 52. 



Magnetism, early researches in, 56, 58; 

 increased activity of observation in the 

 19th century, 62 ; table of magnetic in- 

 vestigations, 64; influence of the moon, 



Magnetism of mountain masses, 154. 

 Makerston. Sir Thomas Brisbane's ob- 



eervatoi y at, 120, 121. 

 Malpais, a term applied to lava fields, 



Mandeira, the volcano, 59, 



Mantschurei, extinct volcano in, 409. 



Marco Polo, date of his travels, 54; the 

 mariner's compass known in Europe be- 

 fore his time, 54. 



Marcou, on the ant-hills in the Rocky 

 H'nmtains, 443. 



Maribios, los, a line of six volcanoes, 260. 



Mariner's compass known in Europe in the 

 12th century, 55; English ships guides 

 by it in 1345, 57. 



Marion's Island, traces of former volcanic 

 action on, 362. 



Martinique, recent volcanic action in the 

 island of, 305. 



Masaya, volcano of, described, 245; de- 

 scent into the crater of T 247. 



Manna Roa, a volcano of the Sandwich 

 Islands, 238; its height greatly exag- 

 gerated, 238; meaning of the name, 284; 

 described, 366; the largest volcano of 

 the South Seas, 366; called also Mouna 

 Loa, 366; its lava lake of Kilauea, 36&. 



Maypu, volcano of, 273. 



Medina, volcano of, 334. 



Meligunis. See Lipari. 



Methone, volcanic phenomena of the pen- 

 insula of, 218. 



Mexico, list of elevations of the table-land 

 of, 882; volcano of, 376; considerations 

 on the mountain chains, 379. See, also, 

 New Mexico. 



Mica, 441. 



Micuipampa, mean annual temperature of, 



Middendorf s two Siberian expeditions, 45; 



on the frozen t> ; 1 01 Northern Asia, 49. 

 Minchinmadom, volcano of, 274. 

 Mines, observations in, on magnetic dip 



and intensity, 114. 

 Mitscherlich on tVe minerals of the Eifel, 



224; on the melting point of granite, 



234. 

 Mofette grottoes of Java, described by 



Junghuhn, 210. 

 Momay, hot springs of, 189. 

 Momobacho, the volcano, 259. 

 Momotombo, the volcano, 260. 

 Monkwearmouth, the coal mine at, 39. 

 Mont Blanc, the Grand Plateau of, 220. 

 Mont Pelvoux, the highest summit of the 



French Alps, 220. 

 Monte del Diablo, in California, 389. 



