MAMMALS. 613 



}):ired with those given in a previons chapter of closely 

 allied or representative species of birds which differ from 

 each other only in their breeding plumage.* The females 

 of Cervus paludosus of South America, as well as the 

 young of both sexes, do not possess the black stripes on the 

 nose and the blackish-brown line on the breast which are 

 characteristic of the adult males, f Lastly, as I am 

 informed by Mr. Blyth, the mature male of the beautifully 

 colored and spotted axis deer is considerably darker than 

 the female ; and this hue the castrated male never 

 acquires. 



The last order which we need consider is that of the 

 Primates. The male of the Lemur macaco is generally 

 coal-black, while the female is brown. J Of the Quadru- 

 mana of the New AVorld, the females and young of Mycetes 

 caraya are grayish-yellow and like each other; in the second 

 year the young male becomes reddish-brown; in the third, 

 black, excepting the stomach, which, however, becomes 

 quite black in the fourth or fifth year. There is also a 

 strongly marked difference in color between the sexes of 

 Mycetes seniculus and Cebus capucinus; the young of the 

 former, and I believe of the latter species, resembling the 

 females. With Pithecia leucocephala the young likewise 

 resemble the females, which are brownish-black above and 

 light rusty-red beneath, the adult males being black. The 

 ruff' of hair round the face of Ateles margiriatus is tinted 

 yellow in the male and white in the female. Turning to 

 the Old World, the males of Hylohates hoolock are always 

 black, with the exception of a white band over the brows; 

 the females vary from whitish-brown to a dark tint mixed 

 with black, but are never wholly black. In the beautiful 



* " Ottawa Academy of Sciences," May 21, 1868, pp. 3, 5. 



fS. Muller, on the Banteng, "Zool. Indischen Arcbipel.," 1839- 

 1844, tab. 35; see also Raffles, as quoted by Mr. Blytb, in " Land 

 and Water," 1867, p 476. On goats, Dr. Gray, "Cat. Brit. Mus.," 

 p. 146; Desmarest, " Mammal ogie," p. 482. On the Cervus palu- 

 dosus, Rengger, ibid, s. 345. 



ISclater, " Proc. Zool. Soc," 1866, p. 1. The same fact has also 

 been fully ascertained by MM. Pollen and van Dam. See, also, Dr. 

 Gray in '* Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.," May, 1871, p. 340. 



0n Mycetes. Rengger, ibid, s. 14; and Brehm, " Illustrirtes 

 Thierleben," B. i, ss. 96, 107. On Ateles Desmarest, "Mamuial- 

 ogie," p. 75. On 'Hylobates, Blyth, "Land and Water," 1867, p. 

 135. On the Semnopithecus, S, Muller, " Zoog. Indischen Archi- 

 pel.," tab. X. 



