SECOND A R T SEX UAL CHAR A CTBR8. 659 



women to retain their good looks.* In several regions the 

 women wear charms and use love-philters to gain the affec- 

 tions of the men; and Mr. Brown enumerates four plants 

 used for this purpose by the women of Northwestern 

 America. \ 



Hearne,^ an excellent observer, who lived many years 

 with the American Indians, says, in speaking of the women: 

 ^^ Ask a Northern Indian what is beauty, and he will 

 answer, a broad flat face, small eyes, high cheek-bones, 

 three or four broad black lines across each cheek, a low 

 forehead, a large broad chin, a clumsy hook nose, a tawny 

 hide and breasts hanging down to the belt." Pallas, who 

 visited the northern parts of the Chinese empire, says: 

 " Those women are preferred who have the Mandschu 

 form; that is to say, a broad face, high cheek-bones, very 

 broad noses, and enormous ears;'^ and Vogt remarks that 

 the obliquity of the eye, which is proper to the Chinese 

 and Japanese, is exaggerated in their pictures for the pur- 

 pose, as it *^ seems, of exhibiting its beauty, as contrasted 

 with the eye of the red-haired barbarians." It is well 

 known, as Hue repeatedly remarks, that the Chinese of the 

 interior thi^k Europeans hideous, with their white 

 skins and prckninent noses. The nose is far from being 

 too prominent, according to our ideas, in the natives of 

 Ceylon; yet ^'the Chinese in the seventh century, accus- 

 tomed to the flat features of the Mongol races, were sur- 

 prised at the prominent noses of the Cingalese; and Thsang 

 describes them as having * the beak of a bird, with the 

 body of a man.^" 



Finlayson, after minutely describing the people of 

 Cochin China, says that their rounded heads and faces are 

 their chief characteristics; and, he adds, ''the roundness 

 of the whole countenance is more striking in the women, 



* See for references, Gerland ' ' Ueber das Aussterben der Natur- 

 volker," 1868, ss. 51, 53, 55; also Azara, "Voyages," etc., torn, ii, p. 

 116. 



f On the vegetable productions used by the Northwestern Ameri- 

 can Indians, " Pharmaceutical Journal," vol. x. 



J " A Journey from Prince of Wales Fort," 8vo. edit., 1796, p. 89. 



Quoted by Prichard, " Phys. Hist, of Mankind," 3d edit., vol. iv, 

 1844, p. 519;* Vogt, "Lectures on Man," Eng. translat. p. 129. On 

 the opinion of the Chinese on the Cingalese, E. Tennent, " Ceylon," 

 1859, vol. ii, p. 107. 



